两小时学术课，剩下时间做什么：Joe Liemandt 谈 AI 如何重做学校

本期《Huberman Lab》访谈没有把“学习更快”讲成一个记忆技巧，而是追问一个更大的问题：如果 AI 能为每个学生持续测量、补齐并练习自己的知识缺口，学校是否可以不再让所有人按同一速度、同一套课程前进？主持人 Andrew Huberman 对话技术企业家、Alpha School 校长 Joe Liemandt，节目内容从传统课堂的历史一路谈到个性化 AI 教学、基础掌握、运动式训练、学生创业和学校如何扩大覆盖面。下面最值得听的，是它把“加速”放在“先把基础学扎实”之后，而不是用加速替代基础。

Joe Liemandt 把传统 K-12 教育描述为一个工业化时代留下来的模型：把学生按年龄放进教室，由一名教师面向全班讲授相同内容。这个模型解决了“让更多人获得教育”的问题，却不等于让每个人获得同样多的学习。学生可以坐在同一个教室里，实际掌握程度却相差很大。

Alpha School 的核心改变，是把“受教育的时间”与“真正需要的学习时间”分开。节目介绍的模式是：学生每天大约用两小时完成学术学习，剩余时间做项目、实验、创业、沟通和生活技能训练。这里的两小时不是把传统课程简单压缩成更快的播放速度，而是让每个学生按自己的缺口和速度学习；学生已经掌握的内容不必重复停留，尚未掌握的基础则不能被年级进度掩盖。

节目开头有一个很能代表这套逻辑的体育比喻。假如篮球队员在推进时有 20% 的概率丢球，教练不会先教扣篮和空中接力，而会回到控球训练。Joe 的原话是：“我们不做基础工作。我们需要打好基础。”他反对的是一种常见的学校节奏：学生以 80 分通过四年级，就被推入五年级内容，原有的缺口继续累积。Alpha 所说的加速，首先是找出“哪里还不会”，再把学习资源集中到那里。

个性化容易被误解成“学生想学什么就学什么”。Joe 明确区分了两件事：学习可以因人而异，但标准不应因此消失。学生不需要在每门课上以同一速度前进，也不能把最不擅长的基础部分永远绕开。

这套方法在节目中有三个层次：

Huberman 追问了一个重要边界：如果一名学生更喜欢音乐，不喜欢数学，学校是否应该只让他做喜欢的事？两人的回答不是“兴趣不重要”，而是兴趣不能替代基础。Joe 认为孩子既应该喜欢学校，也应该做困难的事情。Alpha 试图解决的不是让学校变得没有摩擦，而是让困难有清楚的目标、可见的进步和同伴支持。

Joe 把 Alpha 的教育哲学概括为“high standards, high support”：高标准与高支持。只有高标准，学生可能被丢在困难里；只有高支持、没有标准，学生可能一直得不到真实反馈。节目把学校和体育训练作比较：家长通常接受孩子在运动中失败、输掉比赛、重复练习，因为教练会在场，知道孩子正在向哪里进步。Joe 认为，学术教育也应有同样的循环：学生挣扎和失败，随后在关心学生的成人支持下走向成功。

节目中给了几个 Alpha 的生活技能例子。Joe 提到，学校会让幼儿园学生攀爬约 40 英尺高的岩壁；在旧金山校区，学生曾学习骑车并骑行约 5 英里通过金门大桥。父母可能在孩子卡住时本能地想把孩子救下来，但学校的成人会在下方指导，而不是替孩子完成攀爬。孩子最后按响铃铛时，得到的不只是一次活动经历，而是“我能在支持下完成困难任务”的具体证据。

这些例子能说明 Alpha 的教育观，却不能单独证明它普遍优于传统学校。它们是节目中校方的案例，不是随机对照实验。读者应把它们当作学校如何设计“高标准、高支持”环境的示例，而不是当作效果大小的独立证据。

Joe 认为，传统课堂的结构性难题不是教师不努力，而是一名教师很难同时给二三十名学生提供完全不同的即时指导。全班统一讲授实际上只能接近“中位数教学”：对一部分学生太快，对另一部分学生太慢。

Alpha 把 AI 放在个性化教学的执行层。节目反复强调，AI 不是让学生自己打开一个应用、自由摸索，然后把教学责任交给机器。理想流程仍然需要明确目标、诊断、讲解、练习、反馈和再次测量。AI 的价值在于，它可以更快地调整题目难度、解释方式、练习间隔和反馈节奏，让学生不必等待全班一起进入下一课。

节目谈到的一个重要概念是 scaffolding，通常译为“脚手架式支持”。脚手架不是替学生完成任务，而是先提供足够的提示、步骤或示范，让学生能够完成当前还做不到的部分；随着能力增加，支持再逐步撤掉。对学习来说，这意味着系统既不能把学生直接扔进完全陌生的问题，也不能永远替学生思考。

Huberman 从神经科学角度把话题拉到工作记忆和熟练度。一个学生如果连基本运算、词汇或阅读规则都不熟练，工作记忆就会被低级步骤占满，很难处理更复杂的推理。基础知识达到一定流畅度后，学生才有认知空间理解新概念、比较不同方案和解决开放问题。节目因此把“补基础”解释成释放更高阶学习能力的前提，而不是降低课程难度。

学术学习结束后，Alpha 学生会把时间用于项目、创业、实验、沟通和金融素养。Joe 的论点是，学校不只应该让学生在考试中证明自己记住了什么，也应该让学生练习如何把知识转化为行动：发现问题、设计方案、与别人沟通、处理金钱和承担结果。

节目尤其强调高中阶段的创业与“Founders High School”方向。学生可能组建小型业务、测试产品、学习定价和销售。这里的价值不在于每个学生都要成为企业家，而在于项目提供了一种比纸面作业更完整的反馈：别人是否愿意使用，成本是否可控，表达是否清楚，团队是否能协作，失败后能否调整。

Joe 也把这种训练和 AI 联系起来。AI 降低了制作原型、页面、数据表和实验方案的门槛，学生可以更快从想法走到可检验的版本。但门槛降低并不意味着结果自动有价值。学生仍然需要选择问题、理解用户、判断证据和面对现实约束。AI 扩大的是“可以尝试的范围”，不是替学生承担判断。

Huberman 在节目开场复述了 Alpha School 的几项校方数据：K-2 学生在美国学生测试中处于前 1%，高中毕业生平均 SAT 接近 1530；节目还提到，一些在校学生创办的业务产生了数十万乃至数百万美元收入。这些数字很有吸引力，但节目没有在访谈中提供完整的样本构成、测试版本、对照组、选拔机制、统计方法或独立审计材料。

因此，最准确的读法是：这些是 Huberman 对 Alpha 校方结果的节目内陈述，能够说明学校希望展示的成效，也值得进一步核对，但不能直接推出“每天两小时学习导致了这些结果”。学生可能存在招生筛选、家庭资源、既有能力、课程选择、测试准备和样本规模等影响因素。文章保留这些数据，是为了让读者知道节目提出了什么主张；文章不把它们改写成已经完成因果验证的结论。

同样，节目中“90% 的学生表示喜欢学校”“40% 到 60% 的学生在特定调查中表示更愿意上学而不是去度假”等说法，属于嘉宾对校内调查的转述。节目没有展开调查问卷、样本数、问题顺序和回应率。它们可以帮助理解 Alpha 如何衡量学校体验，却不足以单独证明学校体验在更广泛人群中同样成立。

这期访谈最可迁移的内容，不是复制 Alpha 的校园安排，而是把学习过程拆成几个可操作的判断。

先找缺口，再谈加速。 如果基础概念不熟练，继续追赶更高阶内容常常只会把问题推迟。学习者可以把“我为什么学不懂”拆成更小的问题：是哪一个术语、步骤、先决概念或练习环节没有掌握。

把高标准和高支持放在一起。 清楚的标准告诉学习者什么算完成；支持则提供示范、反馈和下一步，而不是降低目标或代替完成。没有标准，鼓励很容易变成空话；没有支持，标准容易变成羞耻感。

用短反馈循环代替一次性努力。 先提出一个具体目标，做一小段练习，检查结果，再决定下一段内容。这个循环的价值在于及时发现错误，避免把错误方法练得越来越熟。

把知识放进真实任务，但不要跳过基础。 做项目、教别人、写一个小工具或解决真实问题，都能暴露纸面理解中的缺口。真实任务是检验和整合知识的场景，不是免除基础训练的捷径。

把 AI 当作教练和练习环境，而不是答案机器。 一个更好的提问方式不是“给我最终答案”，而是让 AI 先诊断当前水平、解释一个步骤、出一道略高于当前能力的题、要求学习者作答，然后根据错误调整难度。这个使用方式仍然需要人检查解释是否正确，尤其在科学、医学、法律和高风险决策中。

Joe Liemandt 的教育愿景包含一个很强的乐观判断：AI 和个性化教学有机会让更多学生在自己的前沿上学习，同时把学校时间用于更丰富的实践。节目也提供了一个需要保持警惕的边界：学校自报的高分、创业收入和满意度，不能替代独立的效果评估；“两小时学术学习”也不能脱离学生背景、教师质量、课程内容和支持系统单独解释。

如果只带走一句话，可以是：先把基础缺口补到足够流畅，再用个性化反馈把学习速度提上去；高标准负责指出方向，高支持负责让学生走完这段路。 这条原则既适用于 Alpha School，也适用于一个成年人学习编程、语言、统计或任何新领域。

以下为 YouTube 自动字幕的完整原文。官方字幕没有提供讲话人姓名，也没有可靠的声纹结果；为避免把主持人与嘉宾错配，下面统一使用“讲话人（自动字幕未区分）”标签。每 10 分钟添加一次时间轴，英文原文后紧跟机器翻译。

We don't do the basics. We need to nail the basics. Just like in sports, my famous example I always use is if you lose the ball 20% of the time going down the court. The coach is not saying, "Let's work on the dunks and the alleyoops or the even the layups." They're like, "Ball handling. We're going to get ball handling. 20% isn't acceptable. 15% isn't acceptable. You can't be 85 80% accurate."

我们不做基础工作。我们需要打好基础。就像在体育运动中一样，我经常使用的著名例子是，如果你在球场上有 20% 的时间丢球。教练并不是说：“让我们练习扣篮、空中接力，甚至上篮。”他们会说，“控球。我们要提高控球能力。20% 是不可接受的。15% 是不可接受的。你不可能做到 85 80% 准确。”

In America, we're like, "You getting a B, man. Move on. We're moving on to dunks. You just finished fourth grade at 80%, let's get you into that fifth grade stuff. And the answer is no. No, because then all those problems compound. Welcome to the Hubberman Lab podcast where we discuss science and science-based tools for everyday life. I'm Andrew Huberman and I'm a professor of neurobiology and opthalmology at Stanford School of Medicine. My guest today is Joe Limont, the principal of Alpha School, which is a novel approach to education that strives to ensure that every child reaches the frontier of their knowledge and skill potential. Kids in alpha school spend just two hours a day, two hours a day, learning what they need to in order to ensure no gaps in their cognitive knowledge. Then they spend the rest of their day learning to and actually starting their own businesses, learning financial skills as well as communication and interpersonal skills. The goal of Alpha School is to tailor learning to the unique needs of the child. But unlike so many other non-traditional forms of learning in schools, they don't let the child pick what is easiest for them, nor force all kids to learn at the same rate across all subjects. So, it's a truly unique approach. The data on alpha school kids are astounding. K- through2 students from alpha school test in the top 1% of students in the US and their average SAT scores graduating from high school is a nearly perfect 1530. In addition, while still in school, many of the alpha students start their own businesses that are highly successful, meaning they generate hundreds of thousands or even millions of dollars. During today's conversation, you're not just going to hear about how alpha students do all this incredible stuff. It's really about how the ways in which they learn will allow you, adult or young, to learn better and why filling in gaps in our basic knowledge that we all have at every age is both possible and can be done quickly with the correct lesson plans and understanding of neuroplasticity, the brain's ability to rewire itself. So, some of today's discussion focuses on that as well. You'll also learn that no, Alpha School is not just for wealthy kids. They are changing education for students of all backgrounds and income levels. and Joe Lemont and his colleagues are striving to teach educators the real data on how kids and adults learn best in ways that serve the student both in and after they leave school. I have to say as a university professor who lives in the land of education, our conversation today completely changed how I think about learning in and out of the classroom and it also provides tools that I now use to learn more effectively. And I'm confident that it will do the same for you. Before we begin, I'd like to emphasize that this podcast is separate from my teaching and research roles at Stanford. It is however part of my desire and effort to bring zero cost to consumer information about science and science related tools to the general public. In keeping with that theme, today's episode does include sponsors. And now for my discussion with Joe Limont. Joe Leemont, welcome.

在美国，我们会说，“你得了 B，伙计。继续。我们要继续扣篮了。你刚刚以 80% 的成绩完成了四年级，让我们进入五年级的学习吧。答案是否定的。不，因为所有这些问题都会复合。欢迎来到 Hubberman 实验室播客，我们在这里讨论日常生活中的科学和基于科学的工具。我是 Andrew Huberman，我是斯坦福大学神经生物学和眼科学教授。今天我的嘉宾是阿尔法学校的校长乔·利蒙特，这是一种新颖的教育方法，致力于确保每个孩子都达到他们的知识和技能潜力的前沿。阿尔法学校的孩子每天只花两个小时学习他们需要的知识，以确保他们的认知知识没有差距，然后他们用剩下的时间学习并真正开始自己的事业，学习财务技能以及沟通和人际交往技能。但与学校中许多其他非传统学习形式不同，他们不会让孩子选择对他们来说最简单的学习方式，也不会强迫所有孩子在所有科目上都以相同的速度学习。所以，这是一种真正独特的方法。来自 alpha 学校的学生的数据在美国排名前 1%，他们的 SAT 平均成绩几乎是完美的 1530。此外，许多阿尔法学生还在上学时就开始了自己的事业，并取得了巨大的成功，这意味着他们赚了数十万甚至数百万美元，在今天的谈话中，您不仅会听到阿尔法学生如何做所有这些令人难以置信的事情，而且还会了解他们的学习方式将如何让您（无论是成年人还是年轻人）学得更好，以及为什么通过正确的课程计划和理解可以快速完成我们每个年龄段的基础知识的空白。所以，今天的一些讨论也集中在这一点上，阿尔法学校不仅仅适合富裕的孩子，他们正在改变所有背景和收入水平的学生的教育，乔·莱蒙特和他的同事们正在努力向教育工作者传授关于孩子和成年人如何在学生离开学校时最好的学习方式的真实数据，我不得不说，作为生活在教育领域的大学教授，我们今天的谈话完全改变了。我如何看待课堂内外的学习，它也提供了我现在用来更有效地学习的工具。在我们开始之前，我想强调一下，这个播客与我在斯坦福大学的教学和研究角色是分开的。为了与这个主题保持一致，今天的节目确实包括了赞助商。利蒙特，欢迎。

Thank you very much. Great to be here. tell us about learning and education a 100 years ago because that sounds like a long time ago but it wasn't that long ago and then we'll use that as a contrast point to where you're trying to take learning and education and schooling for young people now. So 100 years ago we were trying to say how are we going to educate everybody universal access to education 200 years ago was not a thing. Every person on the planet did not have access to education. 100 plus years ago, people said, "Let's start educating everybody." And we're talking K through 12. So they started the industrialized model started over in Prussia, right? And then was was imported. And it was very controversial actually if you look back of you have a rural society and you're saying get off the farms and get into schools. And the best way to educate people back then was let's put them in a room, let's teach them how to read and write, let's have a teacher in front of the classroom. And that became the model. And that today is actually one of the things that's the most universal in the world is the the education model. You can go to the richest school district, you know, down the street here or the richest private school and there's a teacher in front of a classroom of kids. And you can go to the poorest school district, you know, in India and there's the building's not as nice, but there's a teacher in front of a classroom. We have universal access. What we are trying to do is bring universal learning. So there's a vast disparity in how much kids learn during that 12 years that while they may have access to it, learning is very different. And so what we think is because of new things that have become available and things like AI and technology for the first time in 50 and 100 years you can revisit and change education. How we educate kids is going to be radically different in 5 years and 10 years than the last 50 and 100 years. And that's what we're out doing. building that model, building the set of schools around it and then figuring out how we scale it and get it out to a billion kids so that everybody can have access to it.

非常感谢。很高兴来到这里。告诉我们 100 年前的学习和教育，因为这听起来像是很久以前的事，但其实并不是很久以前，然后我们将用它作为对比点，与你现在试图为年轻人提供的学习、教育和学校教育的情况进行对比。因此，100 年前，我们试图说我们如何让每个人接受教育，而 200 年前，普及教育还不是一回事。地球上的每个人都没有机会接受教育。一百多年前，人们说：“让我们开始教育每个人吧。”我们正在谈论 K 到 12。所以他们开始了在普鲁士重新开始的工业化模式，对吗？然后被导入。事实上，如果你回顾一下农村社会，你会说离开农场进入学校，这实际上是非常有争议的。当时教育人们的最好方法就是让我们把他们放在一个房间里，让我们教他们如何阅读和写作，让我们在教室前面有一位老师。这成为了模型。今天，实际上世界上最普遍的事情之一就是教育模式。你可以去最富有的学区，你知道，就在这条街上，或者是最富有的私立学校，教室里的孩子们面前有一位老师。你可以去印度最贫穷的学区，那里的建筑不太好，但教室前面有一位老师。我们拥有普遍的访问权限。我们正在努力做的是普及学习。因此，孩子们在这 12 年里学到的东西存在巨大差异，尽管他们可能有机会获得这些知识，但学习效果却截然不同。所以我们认为，随着新事物的出现，比如人工智能和技术，50 到 100 年来第一次，你可以重新审视和改变教育。未来 5 年和 10 年，我们教育孩子的方式将与过去 50 年和 100 年发生根本不同。这就是我们正在做的事情。建立这个模型，围绕它建立一套学校，然后弄清楚我们如何扩展它，并将其推广给十亿孩子，以便每个人都可以使用它。

It seems to me that we think in terms of milestones. I mean, even before a child is born, if they can have an ultrasound, the parents are looking, are they meeting milestones? Yeah.

在我看来，我们是根据里程碑来思考的。我的意思是，即使在孩子出生之前，如果他们可以进行超声波检查，父母们也会关注，他们是否达到了里程碑？是的。

And then we think of biological milestones and cognitive milestones. How much of the current schooling system is based on milestones that make really good sense? like by time you finish a certain grade, you're supposed to be able to read, you're supposed to be able to write. What we decide is a critical milestone can easily change, but I'm guessing there are still some milestones that are cemented in that don't make any sense any longer.

然后我们想到生物学里程碑和认知里程碑。当前的教育系统有多少是基于真正有意义的里程碑？就像当你完成某个年级时，你应该能够阅读，你应该能够写作。我们决定一个关键的里程碑可以很容易地改变，但我猜仍然有一些里程碑已经不再具有任何意义了。

Yeah, there's a whole set of milestones that people have, especially the ones parents understand and grandparents, is whatever you went through are the milestones that you understand. Kids should read by third grade. It used to be you memorized your multiplication tables by third grade. You'd learn cursive before that. And the standard the books, right? You would read books. There was a book list in in high school and and you would read it and you'd understand the content that was in that books. And what has happened, you know, and I think where a lot of the unhappiness in education is is those standards have gone down. They've pulled those standards away around the academics for a lot of different reasons. And so when you think about development, there's behavioral standards. How should I behave? How much should I know? And then what are the nonacademic skills, whether it's vocational or life skills that you need to have, financial literacy, that have changed from what were true 30 years ago or 50 years ago to where they are are today. And there's generally a view that there's broad unhappiness that whether it's the standard or the students achievement of that standard and are they actually even hitting the standards that's causing this big demand for we need to change our education system. And that's sort of half of it. The other half is people are looking at things like AI and saying the world is really different. The world that's coming is really different. And it it does put in parents heads the educational system I went through isn't going to get my kids ready for the future one. We're building schools everywhere and doing education. So I I talked to lots of parents. When I have like a 12th grade parent talking to me, they're at the finish line. They're just trying to get the kid into, you know, get them out. And so they they're just like whatever. Just I'm done. But when you talk to the kindergarten parents, they are forecasting forward 12 years. and they sit there and say, "There's no way the current system is going to get my kid ready." They have the high demands to say, "We need to do something different." I'd like to take a quick break to acknowledge one of our sponsors, David. David makes protein bars unlike any other. Their newest bar, the Bronze Bar, has 20 gram of protein, only 150 calories, and zero grams of sugar. I have to say these are the best tasting protein bars I've ever had and I've tried a lot of protein bars over the years. These new David bars have a marshmallow base and they're covered in chocolate coating and they're absolutely incredible. I of course eat regular whole foods. I eat meat, chicken, fish, eggs, fruits, vegetables, etc. But I also make it a point to eat one or two David bars per day as a snack, which makes it easy to hit my protein goal of one gram of protein per pound of body weight. And that allows me to take in the protein I need without consuming excess calories. I love all the David Bronze Bar flavors, including cookie dough, caramel chocolate, double chocolate, peanut butter chocolate. They all actually taste like candy bars. Again, they're amazing, but again, they have no sugar and they have 20 gram of protein with just 150 calories. If you'd like to try David, you can go to davidproin.com/huberman. Right now, David is offering a deal where if you buy four cartons, you get the fifth carton for free. Today's episode is also brought to us by Lingo. Lingo is an everyday wearable that tracks your glucose 247. Glucose drives a lot of key processes that support energy, body composition, and long-term health. When glucose is constantly spiking and crashing, that's where we can start to see metabolic dysfunction. And over time, that can even progress to pre-diabetes. Right now, about 115 million adults in the US have pre-diabetes. Most don't know it and a higher percentage of men have it than women do. Often there aren't clear symptoms of pre-diabetes early on, so people don't tend to look into it, but the fact is that metabolic health is shaping how your body functions every day, whether you feel it or not. Tracking your glucose with Lingo can help you see how food, activity, and stress impact your glucose throughout the day. I personally have used Lingo, and it's been an invaluable tool for improving my metabolic health. If you would like to try Lingo, Huberman Lab listeners in the US and UK can save 10% on a 4-week plan. Just visit hellolingo.com/huberman for more information. Terms and conditions apply. Again, that's hellingo.com/huberman. I hear some very polarized views out there. Uh, one that you can get all the education you need off YouTube. I don't believe that's true. I think how one forges through technology, especially publicly available technology, is critical, right? Because you can ruin your life or you can potentially build some of your life out by watching YouTube videos. But that's a wide divergence and and so I don't believe that statement. The other thing that I I'd like to just set as a as a context for our discussion is I think there are very divergent views on the notion of doing what you love versus doing things that are painful to learn. So in terms of milestones and standards, the idea is when I was growing up was that you have to have at least a certain level of aptitude in something if you want to progress forward. But you might be much more musical than you are whatever or much more oriented towards the engineering, science and math fields or towards something else. And that's okay. But everyone had to be above the bar in order to move forward. I think nowadays because of this battle basically between whether we're coddling kids too much or whether we're pushing them too much,

是的，人们有一整套的里程碑，尤其是父母和祖父母理解的里程碑，无论你经历了什么，都是你理解的里程碑。孩子们应该到三年级就开始读书。过去，你在三年级的时候就已经记住了乘法表。在那之前你会学习草书。书籍的标准，对吗？你会读书。高中时有一个书单，你会阅读它，然后你就会理解书中的内容。你知道，发生了什么事，我认为教育领域的许多不幸之处在于这些标准的下降。由于许多不同的原因，他们在学术界取消了这些标准。因此，当你考虑发展时，就会有行为标准。我应该如何表现？我应该知道多少？那么非学术技能是什么，无论是你需要具备的职业技能还是生活技能、金融素养，这些技能与 30 年前或 50 年前的情况相比，已经发生了变化。人们普遍认为，无论是标准还是学生达到该标准的成绩，以及他们实际上是否达到了导致我们需要改变教育体系的巨大需求的标准，都存在广泛的不满。这只是其中的一半。另一半是人们正在关注人工智能等事物，并表示世界真的不同了。即将到来的世界真的很不一样。它确实让家长们意识到我所经历的教育体系并不会让我的孩子为未来做好准备。我们在各地建设学校并开展教育。所以我和很多家长谈过。当我有一个 12 年级的家长跟我说话时，他们已经到了终点线。他们只是想让孩子进去，你知道，让他们出去。所以他们就像任何东西一样。只是我已经完成了。但当你与幼儿园家长交谈时，他们会预测未来 12 年。他们坐在那里说：“当前的系统不可能让我的孩子做好准备。”他们有很高的要求说：“我们需要做一些不同的事情。”我想稍微休息一下，向我们的赞助商之一大卫表示感谢。大卫制作的蛋白质棒与众不同。他们最新的 Bronze Bar 含有 20 克蛋白质，仅 150 卡路里，零克糖。我不得不说，这些是我吃过的味道最好的蛋白质棒，多年来我尝试过很多蛋白质棒。这些新的大卫棒有一个棉花糖底座，上面覆盖着巧克力涂层，它们绝对令人难以置信。我当然吃普通的天然食品。我吃肉、鸡肉、鱼、鸡蛋、水果、蔬菜等。但我也强调每天吃一两块大卫棒作为零食，这样很容易达到我每磅体重一克蛋白质的蛋白质目标。这使我能够摄入所需的蛋白质，而不会消耗过多的热量。我喜欢大卫青铜棒的所有口味，包括饼干面团、焦糖巧克力、双层巧克力、花生酱巧克力。它们实际上尝起来都像棒棒糖。它们再次令人惊叹，但同样，它们不含糖，并且含有 20 克蛋白质，只有 150 卡路里热量。如果您想尝试 David，可以访问 davidproin.com/huberman。现在，大卫正在提供一项优惠，如果您购买四箱，您可以免费获得第五箱。今天的节目也是 Lingo 给我们带来的。 Lingo 是一款日常可穿戴设备，可追踪您的血糖 247。葡萄糖驱动许多支持能量、身体成分和长期健康的关键过程。当血糖不断上升和下降时，我们就可以开始看到代谢功能障碍。随着时间的推移，甚至可能发展为糖尿病前期。现在大约有 115 美国有 100 亿成年人患有糖尿病前期。大多数人不知道这一点，并且男性患有此病的比例高于女性。糖尿病前期通常没有明显的症状，因此人们往往不会去关注它，但事实是，代谢健康正在塑造您的身体每天的运作方式，无论您是否感觉到。使用 Lingo 跟踪您的血糖可以帮助您了解食物、活动和压力如何影响您全天的血糖。我个人使用过 Lingo，它是改善我的代谢健康的宝贵工具。如果您想尝试 Lingo，美国和英国的 Huberman Lab 听众可以在 4 周计划中节省 10%。请访问 hellolingo.com/huberman 了解更多信息。条款和条件适用。再说一遍，这是 hellingo.com/huberman。我听到一些非常两极分化的观点。呃，您可以从 YouTube 上获得所需的所有教育。我不相信这是真的。我认为如何通过技术，尤其是公开可用的技术进行锻造是至关重要的，对吧？因为观看 YouTube 视频可能会毁掉你的生活，也有可能让你的生活变得美好。但这是一个很大的分歧，所以我不相信这种说法。我想作为我们讨论的背景的另一件事是，我认为对于做你喜欢的事情和做那些学起来很痛苦的事情的概念存在非常不同的看法。因此，就里程碑和标准而言，我在成长过程中的想法是，如果你想取得进步，你必须至少在某件事上拥有一定水平的能力。但你可能比你本身更具音乐性，或者更倾向于工程、科学和数学领域或其他领域。没关系。但每个人都必须超越标准才能前进。我认为现在由于这场斗争主要是我们是否过于溺爱孩子或我们是否过于逼迫他们之间的斗争，

I feel like this the whole landscape is a bit of a mess. So what is Alpha School's philosophy with respect to what kids like to do

我觉得整个景观有点混乱。那么阿尔法学校关于孩子们喜欢做什么的理念是什么呢？

versus what they absolutely should do independent of whether or not they like it. And I I came from the latter category like you do you have to learn stuff because you have to learn it and then you find the things you love

与他们绝对应该做的事情相比，无论他们是否喜欢。我来自后一类，就像你一样，你必须学习东西，因为你必须学习它，然后你才能找到你喜欢的东西

and then you eventually try and create a life right

然后你最终会尝试创造一种正确的生活

you know

你知道

these are great so both of them we have strong views on all of these the first one of everything's available on YouTube or you can get MIT online why doesn't

这些都很棒，所以我们对所有这些都有强烈的看法，第一个可以在 YouTube 上找到，或者你可以在网上找到麻省理工学院，为什么不呢？

Khan Academy why doesn't everybody have an MIT degree the open courseware is available libraries have been here forever every textbook you can just go to a library and read school is much more than just that and I believe and just to be really 10 years from now, 20 years from now, 90% of parents are going to drop their kids off at a building and in that building are going to be other kids and adults. That the way school that part of school, school's socialization, right? It's much more than I sat and watched a YouTube video. It's motivation. The materials available, the motivation isn't, right? Or the structure isn't. And schools provide a lot of that. And so that's when we look at it. But we believe motivation is 90% of learning these days. Now our view back to the day if we do our job right the six or seven hours your kids in that uh building is going to be radically different and 10 times better than what we went through. Then the second part around standards and love school do what you love wait it's a grind. So this is a personal story for me. So I didn't start alpha I'm the principal going in my fifth year. Uh, it was started by Brian and McKenzie 12 years ago. And parents want the to educate their kids the way they were, even if they didn't like it that much. I went to Catholic school. My I have two daughters. They were in Catholic school. Mackenzie starts this school and she's like, "You got to come to my new school." And I looked at it and I'm like, "This is a totally weird, janky school." Like, no way.

可汗学院为什么不是每个人都有麻省理工学院的学位，开放的课件可用，图书馆永远都在这里，你可以去图书馆和阅读学校的每本教科书远不止于此，我相信，从现在开始的 10 年、20 年之后，90% 的父母会把他们的孩子送到一栋大楼里，而在那栋大楼里将会有其他孩子和成年人。学校是学校的一部分，学校的社会化，对吧？这比我坐下来观看 YouTube 视频要重要得多。这是动力。材料可用，但动机不可用，对吗？或者结构不是。学校提供了很多这样的东西。这就是我们看待它的时候。但我们相信如今 90% 的学习都是动机。现在，我们回想一下，如果我们在那个呃大楼里的六七个小时内做好我们的工作，那将会是完全不同的，并且比我们经历的要好十倍。然后第二部分围绕标准和热爱学校做你喜欢的事情等等，这很辛苦。所以这对我来说是一个个人故事。所以我并没有开始阿尔法，而是在第五年担任校长。呃，它是 12 年前由 Brian 和 McKenzie 创办的。父母希望按照孩子本来的方式教育孩子，即使他们不太喜欢这样。我去了天主教学校。我有两个女儿。他们在天主教学校上学。麦肯齐创办了这所学校，她说：“你必须来我的新学校。”我看着它，我想，“这是一所完全奇怪、简陋的学校。”就像，没办法。

What did you see that led you to

你看到了什么让你

There's no teacher in front of a classroom. I'm like, "This is totally crazy, right?" and oh, they're going to learn on some apps the girls reciting their vocabulary words while they were doing handstands. And I'm like, you know, I I grew up a standard standard school system. It was weird. And it took her 2 years actually of trying to convince me. I actually saw, you know, one of mine struggling in standard school. And then what happened was St. Gabriel got out at the end of May and Alpha was still in session and my kids were going to go to summer camp. And McKenzie convinced my daughter. She's like, "Well, why don't you come to Alpha for a week before you go to summer camp? You know, my daughters are there. It'll be really fun." I'm like, "You want to go to school in the middle of the summer?" "Sure." So, they went for a week and they came back at the end of the week and they're like, "Dad, we don't want to go to summer camp. We want to go back to Alpha." And I thought that was the craziest thing I'd ever heard of the world that someone wanted to go to school instead of camp. That was an indicator to me where I'm like, they have something here. And the kids are in second, fourth grade. I'm like, let's try it out. And that was, you know, 10 years ago. And it really worked out for us. We can get to that later. But when I put my daughters in, I talked to Brian and I was like, "What do I not understand as a parent?" He said, "There's two things. First, your kids must love school." And I was like, "Oh, that's not true at all. It's like spinach. You just grind it, right? That's what it's like. It's spinach. You grind it. I mean, sometimes it's okay, but you just you grind your way through it." He's like, "Nope. and someday you'll figure this out and you'll see with your daughters that kids must love school. I was like, "Annything else?" He's like, "Yes, your kids have so much more potential than you expect than what you think." And I was like, "Oh, that's not true." I'm like, I'm sort of like a tiger dad. Like, I think my kids are going to do a ton of stuff. And, you know, I have really high expectations. And he's like, "They're going to blow you away." And that's sort of the dichotomy I think around alpha that really confuses people is kids love school like we make three commitments to the kids and the first one is you will love school and 90ome% of our students we survey them right say I love school we actually in the last year or so have started asking a follow-up question which is would you rather go to school or go on vacation and depending on the vacation the session and how good our workshops were between 40 and 60% of kids said I'd rather go to school than vacation.

教室前面没有老师。我想，“这太疯狂了，对吧？”哦，他们将在一些应用程序上学习女孩们在倒立时背诵词汇。我想，你知道，我是在标准的标准学校系统中长大的。很奇怪。她实际上花了两年时间才试图说服我。我实际上看到，你知道，我的一个学生在标准学校里挣扎。然后发生的事情是圣加布里埃尔在五月底离开了，阿尔法仍在上课，我的孩子们要去参加夏令营。麦肯齐说服了我女儿。她说，“好吧，你为什么不在去夏令营之前来阿尔法待一周呢？你知道，我的女儿们都在那里。那会非常有趣。”我问：“你想在暑假期间去上学吗？” “当然。”所以，他们去了一周，周末回来了，他们说，“爸爸，我们不想去夏令营。我们想回到阿尔法。”我认为这是我听过的世界上最疯狂的事情，有人想去学校而不是去露营。这对我来说是一个指标，他们在这里有一些东西。孩子们已经上二、四年级了。我想，我们试试吧。那是 10 年前的事了。这对我们来说确实很有效。我们可以稍后再讨论。但当我把女儿们放进去时，我和布莱恩交谈，我说：“作为父母，我不明白什么？”他说：“有两件事。首先，你的孩子必须热爱学校。”我当时想，“哦，这根本不是真的。它就像菠菜。你只需磨碎它，对吗？就是这样。它是菠菜。你磨它。我的意思是，有时没关系，但你只需磨碎它就可以了。”他说，“不。有一天你会明白这一点，你会和你的女儿们一起看到孩子们一定喜欢上学。我说，“还有什么吗？”他说，“是的，你的孩子比你想象的更有潜力。”我说，“哦，那不是真的。”我想，我有点像一个虎爸爸。就像，我认为我的孩子会做很多事情。而且，你我知道，我有很高的期望，“他们会让你大吃一惊。”我认为阿尔法的这种二分法真正让人困惑的是孩子们喜欢上学，就像我们向孩子们做出三个承诺一样，第一个是你会喜欢上学，我们调查的 90% 的学生说我喜欢上学，我们实际上在去年左右开始问一个后续问题，即你愿意去上学还是去度假，这取决于你的情况。假期课程以及我们的研讨会有多好 40% 到 60% 的孩子说我宁愿去学校也不愿去度假。

Wow.

哇。

As a standard, like loving school. And when you engage kids and you think, I'm going to put them in this system for 12 years.

作为一个标准，就像热爱学校一样。当你让孩子们参与进来时，你会想，我要把他们放在这个系统中 12 年。

As a parent, you want them to love it. And so, there's that part. But now, let's talk about doing hard things. Kids want to do hard things. Kids have to do hard things, which is, you know, when I'm talking to parents who are worried because we have such high achievement. We're the number one academic school in the country. Every grade level is top 1% in every subject, right? My freshman honors SAT score. You know, freshmen are like at 1400, which is better than almost every senior class in the country.

作为父母，您希望他们喜欢它。所以，这就是那部分。但现在，我们来谈谈做困难的事情。孩子们想做困难的事情。孩子们必须做困难的事情，你知道，当我和父母交谈时，他们因为我们取得了如此高的成就而感到担忧。我们是全国排名第一的学术学校。每个年级的每个科目都是前 1%，对吗？我的新生以 SAT 成绩为荣。要知道，新生大概是 1400，这比全国几乎所有的高年级班都要好。

Your freshman are at 1400 on the SAT

你的新生 SAT 成绩为 1400

honors class. My honors track in freshman is 1400 SAT. And so we have great academics and parents are like, "Wait, is this like this high stress, high standard?" And we explained to them, which is the key to your child's happiness is high standards. And I can't run a school that they love more than vacation if I have low standards. And it is that paradox, right? That tension that is the magic of Alpha School. And it's the magic that parents need to understand because that's what engages them is they want to do things. Kids think they're awesome and they are awesome, but they need to be put in an environment where they get to go do hard things with their friends and with that they do the grind. They do hard things. In America, we have a very different view. We have sort of how you treat academics and how you treat sports. And if we took the sports ethos and the athletic ethos in America and we applied it to academics, we would fix every academic problem in this country. For example, Westlake High School football team in Austin where I am going to win the state championship, right? They're great. Every parent's like, I want my kid to be on that team because it's going to be the hardest thing they've ever done because they're going to have to work harder. It's going to be crazy, but it's going to be the most fun thing they ever do and they're going to remember it the rest of their life. And we believe that about sports. You can make education the same way. And that's what we're building to do that. So we believe on both which is high standards right is what leads to loving school and and happiness. I know you had Dr. Joerger on. So Dr. Joerger was actually you know his book 10 to2 the science of motivating kids is all about high standards and high support and it is that combination that you want from a school and that's what we built. like he created our guide training. Like all the adults in our buildings follow that high standards, high support, his mentor mindset program. And most parents are one of two things. They're either high standards, low support. I'm just going to throw my kid in and expect them to do great, and that's not good. Or they're low standards, high support. I never want my kid to have stress. That's bad, too. And the real answer is you do both. And you, schools should do this. Schools should have high standards and high support. And back to my athletic analogies, great coaches do that. There's thousands of movies in America of our sports team is in last place. And a coach comes in and he's like, I know we're in last place, but we're going to win the state championship next year. The whole movie is about how he turns around the team by having high standards and teamwork and hard work, and they do it, and then they win. Where are those on academics? I think there's three. We know that's how you develop kids. Child development experts will sit and explain. The key to developing a child is that they struggle and fail on their road to success supported by a caring adult. And you just want to run that loop. If you talk to most parents, they're like, "My kid learns the valuable life skills in afterchool sports." Parents are like, "Yes, they're going to struggle. They're going to fail. They're going to lose the game. whatever is going to happen, but it's going to be on the road to success. And that coach, I picked the coach cuz I know he cares about my kid achieving it and he's going to be there to support them. And that's what you should just do in school for the other seven hours is have those same loops. I will add one thing uh that happens especially when you start with kindergarten. Kids struggle and fail sometimes cry on their road to success supported by a caring adult. And it's really hard for parents as soon as the kid cries obviously and that struggle part and that's the lynch pin for parents being like I don't want the struggle cuz you hear this you're like well why don't you just okay that sounds all logical why don't you do it and you're like well when you're a parent your kids crying you want to go protect them you want to make sure they're safe and that's why you have to make sure they're in an environment where you think they're safe where the adult in charge is making sure they're it's not low standards and they're leaving them hanging out. At Alpha, we have great workshops where 85% of Alpha parents in the last year said, "I saw my kid do something that I literally thought was impossible for their age." Back to high standards. And one of them is our kindergarteners climb a 40ft rock wall. You know, at our San Francisco campus, they rode their bikes 5 miles, learned how to ride a bike, rode it 5 miles across the Golden Gate Bridge without stopping. And then we have a we call them alpha tests for these life skills. 10 weeks into school, there's the kindergarteners and they're climbing up and you know, sometimes they do get halfway and they are stuck and they sit there and they're worried and the parents want to go rescue them and we always tell them just watch cuz this is what the school's about and their guide is down at the bottom of the wall and coaching them up. And then eventually and maybe they have to wait there and maybe they even whimper a little you know the the while they're struggling they then I can do it and they climb to the end supported by their alpha guide at the bottom and when they come down after achieving it right they ring the bell they come down I mean that kid is beaming and their parents are beaming and that's why we have such like fanatical love of school and why we have such evangelism and everybody talks about alpha is because the parents go through that experience and they see their kids thrive and they see them thrive via these things that are hard and that's the environment we need to build for kids because that is how you develop kids. When you think of old societies, right, every society had rights of passage.

荣誉班。我大一的荣誉成绩是 SAT 1400。所以我们有很好的学业成绩，家长们会说，“等等，这是高压力、高标准吗？”我们向他们解释说，高标准是孩子幸福的关键。如果我的标准很低，我就无法经营一所他们比假期更喜欢的学校。这就是这个悖论，对吗？这种紧张感正是阿尔法学校的魔力。这就是父母需要理解的魔力，因为这就是他们想做事的原因。孩子们认为他们很棒，而且他们很棒，但他们需要被置于一个可以与朋友一起做困难事情的环境中，并以此为基础。他们做困难的事情。在美国，我们有非常不同的看法。我们有一些对待学术和体育的方式。如果我们将美国的体育精神和运动精神应用到学术上，我们就能解决这个国家的所有学术问题。例如，我将在奥斯汀的西湖高中橄榄球队赢得州冠军，对吗？他们很棒。每个家长都会说，我希望我的孩子加入那个团队，因为这将是他们做过的最困难的事情，因为他们必须更加努力。这会很疯狂，但这将是他们做过的最有趣的事情，他们会终生记住它。我们相信体育运动也是如此。你可以用同样的方式进行教育。这就是我们为此而构建的。因此，我们相信，只有高标准和正确的标准才能带来热爱学校和幸福的感觉。我知道你有乔尔格博士。 Joerger 博士实际上是你知道的，他的书《10 to2 激励孩子的科学》就是关于高标准和高支持，这正是你想要从学校得到的结合，这就是我们所建立的。就像他创建了我们的导游培训一样。就像我们大楼里的所有成年人一样，遵循高标准、高支持、他的导师心态计划。大多数父母都是以下两种情况之一。它们要么是高标准，要么是低支持。我只是把我的孩子扔进去并期望他们表现出色，但这并不好。或者他们的标准低，支持高。我不想让我的孩子有压力。这也很糟糕。真正的答案是你两者都做。而你，学校应该这样做。学校应该有高标准、高支持。回到我的运动类比，伟大的教练就是这么做的。在美国有数千部电影，我们的运动队排在最后。一位教练进来了，他说，我知道我们排名垫底，但明年我们将赢得州冠军。整部电影讲述的是他如何通过高标准、团队合作和努力来扭转球队的局面，他们做到了，然后取得了胜利。那些学术界的人在哪里？我认为有三个。我们知道这就是培养孩子的方式。儿童发展专家将坐下来进行解释。培养孩子的关键是他们在有爱心的成年人的支持下在成功的道路上奋斗和失败。而您只想运行该循环。如果你和大多数家长交谈，他们会说，“我的孩子在课后运动中学到了宝贵的生活技能。”家长们会说，“是的，他们会挣扎。他们会失败。他们会输掉比赛。无论会发生什么，但它都会走在成功的路上。而那个教练，我选择这个教练是因为我知道他关心我的孩子实现目标，他会在那里支持他们。这就是你在学校的另外七个小时里应该做的就是做同样的循环。我会补充一件事，尤其是当你开始的时候。在幼儿园，孩子们在成功的道路上有时会遇到困难和失败，而父母的支持真的很难。 因为孩子明显哭了，而挣扎的部分，这就是父母的关键，因为你听到这个，你就喜欢，为什么不呢？听起来很合逻辑，你为什么不这样做，当你是父母时，你的孩子在哭泣，你想要去保护他们，你想要确保他们的安全，这就是为什么你必须确保他们处于一个你认为他们安全的环境中，而负责的成年人在确保他们的标准不低，他们会让他们闲逛。在 Alpha，我们举办了很棒的研讨会，去年 85% 的 Alpha 家长表示：“我看到我的孩子做了一些我认为对他们这个年龄来说不可能的事情。”回到高标准。其中之一是我们幼儿园的孩子们攀爬 40 英尺高的岩壁。你知道，在我们的旧金山校区，他们骑自行车 5 英里，学会了如何骑自行车，骑着自行车 5 英里不间断地穿过金门大桥。然后我们对这些生活技能进行了所谓的阿尔法测试。开学第 10 周，幼儿园的孩子们正在往上爬，你知道，有时他们确实会爬到一半，他们被卡住了，他们坐在那里，他们很担心，家长想要去营救他们，我们总是告诉他们只要看着，因为这就是学校的特色，他们的导游就在墙底，指导他们向上爬。然后最终，也许他们必须在那里等待，也许他们甚至会哭泣一点，你知道，当他们挣扎的时候，他们然后我可以做到，他们在底部的阿尔法指南的支持下爬到终点，当他们在正确的方式下下来时，他们敲响了铃，他们下来了，我的意思是孩子很高兴，他们的父母也很高兴，这就是为什么我们对学校有如此狂热的热爱，为什么我们有这样的传福音，每个人都在谈论阿尔法是因为父母经历了这样的经历和他们看到自己的孩子茁壮成长，他们看到他们通过这些困难的事情而茁壮成长，这就是我们需要为孩子们营造的环境，因为这就是培养孩子的方式。当你想到旧社会时，对吧，每个社会都有通行权。

They were hard and it's what is the struggle and fail on your road to success supported by an adult. That's what the educational system needs to be and should be. And we do it a lot in sports and not a lot on on education. what you said is so rich with ideas. Let me organize them the following way. I've heard you say before and you sort of touched on a bit a moment ago that most of the way that we uh teach kids how to navigate life in the United States

他们很艰难，这就是成年人支持的成功之路上的挣扎和失败。这就是教育体系需要并且应该成为的样子。我们在体育方面做得很多，但在教育方面做得不多。你说的太有想法了。让我按以下方式组织它们。我以前听过你说过，你刚才谈到了我们教导孩子们如何驾驭美国生活的大部分方式

is in sports not in academics.

是在体育领域而不是在学术领域。

And I completely agree. And when I first heard you say that in a prior conversation with Patrick Oonessy, I thought yes, absolutely. And the contrast with academics is is really striking because I think there's this idea that kids are, you know, by the time they're in high school, they're going to be good at certain things and other things not so much. And and the words do the best you can

我完全同意。当我第一次听到你在之前与帕特里克·乌内西的谈话中这么说时，我想是的，绝对的。与学术界的对比确实是惊人的，因为我认为有这样一种想法，即孩子们，你知道，当他们上高中时，他们会擅长某些事情，而其他事情就不那么擅长了。并且言语尽你所能

sounds like support, sounds like high standards, but it kind of avoids both. So maybe we could just drill a little more specifically into what support really looks like at the level of parenting and maybe peers as well. So I can imagine high standards could let's take a like a 0 to 10 uh scale arbitrary units and say zero is like you'll never be anything. Everyone agrees that it's not a good model. 10 would be you can do and become anything you want. We believe this in America and there are examples to support the 10 model. It's not totally true, right? It's not totally true. I went to a very competitive public high school and there were some phenoms in my class at sports, pair of twins, Joe and John Cannon. People can look them up. One became a goalie for the San Jose Quakes. The other one had a 100 mile plus fastball in high school. I forget who he played for. Maybe it was the Mariners or whoever. But anyway, he was a he was a pro pitcher. Their younger brother, Colt Cannon, picked up a skateboard. Eight months later, he had a pro model or he was on a team, then he had a pro model. maybe wasn't 8 months to that, but there's something going on in that family. Okay. And they were good at academics.

听起来像是支持，听起来像是高标准，但它有点避免两者。因此，也许我们可以更具体地探讨一下在养育子女以及同龄人层面上的支持到底是什么样的。所以我可以想象高标准可以让我们采用 0 到 10 uh 尺度的任意单位，并说零就像你永远不会成为任何东西。每个人都同意这不是一个好的模型。 10 就是你可以做任何你想做的事，并成为任何你想做的事。我们在美国相信这一点，并且有支持 10 模型的例子。这并不完全正确，对吧？这并不完全正确。我就读于一所竞争非常激烈的公立高中，班上有一些体育方面的佼佼者，一对双胞胎乔·坎农和约翰·坎农。人们可以查找它们。其中一人成为圣何塞地震队的守门员。另一个人在高中时曾打过 100 英里以上的快球。我忘记了他为谁效力。也许是水手队或其他人。但无论如何，他是一名职业投手。他们的弟弟柯尔特·加农 (Colt Cannon) 捡起了一块滑板。八个月后，他有了一个职业模特，或者他加入了一个团队，然后他有了一个职业模特。也许不到八个月，但那个家庭发生了一些事情。好的。他们擅长学术。

Yeah.

是的。

But none of them became, dare I say, professors at Stanford, but they probably could have, but we don't know. So, we have this model that like in sports, some genetics plays a role.

但我敢说，他们中没有人成为斯坦福大学的教授，但他们可能可以成为斯坦福大学的教授，但我们不知道。所以，我们有这个模型，就像在体育运动中一样，一些遗传学发挥了作用。

Yeah.

是的。

Family lines play a role. We're kind of okay with that conversation now.

家庭血统发挥着作用。我们现在对这次谈话还算满意。

Yeah.

是的。

But you can become anything. That's that's the highest standard. Somewhere in between is probably what you'll tell me is most effective because we have to put reality into the picture sometimes.

但你可以成为任何人。这就是最高标准。你会告诉我，介于两者之间的某个地方可能是最有效的，因为有时我们必须将现实融入到画面中。

But the support thing is the one that's completely opaque to me because we know what the zeros are, right? Figure it out on your own. Make yourself breakfast. Get yourself. That's not support, right? And then the other one is I'm going to try and get in there and do everything for you. I'm going to climb the rock for you. I'm going to do your homework for you. We know that's not good. We haven't really defined clearly what real truly useful support is.

但支持问题对我来说是完全不透明的，因为我们知道零是什么，对吧？你自己想办法吧。自己做早餐。得到你自己。这不叫支持吧？另一个是我会尝试进入那里并为你做一切事情。我会为你爬上岩石。我将为你做作业。我们知道这不好。我们还没有真正明确定义什么是真正有用的支持。

Yeah.

是的。

And standardized that.

[中文翻译暂缺，请以英文原文为准]

So maybe you could enrich our thinking about what it might look like or what you think it looks like.

所以也许你可以丰富我们对它可能是什么样子或者你认为它是什么样子的思考。

Great. And I I I think that's a great framework. Let's let's do the athletic side is and then we'll we'll throw it over because that's one of the things that's changed. How we provide support or actually the training i.e. educating the instruction is what's dramatically changed which lets us get athletic level in academics. So in athletics, right, we do know we know there are physical constraints. You have your story. My my daughter in middle school was like I'm going to be the world's best volleyball player. I'm going to start for Stanford and be there. And it motivated her. It drove her every afternoon she's practicing. When she became a freshman in high school, she's like, "I'm not tall enough. I'm just physically not tall enough. I can't play my position four years from now. There's no way Stanford's going to let me in on that dimension. And so, while she had gotten very good sort of the limit of her frontier and so we believe there are there are, you know, physical limitations that map your frontier. But in athletics, we actually know how to get you to the frontier. That's the delta. And that's why we do so much via athletics in America because we have a training system that gets kids there. We don't say, "Hey, do your best. I hope you become a good basketball player or golfer." You don't watch YouTube videos to be like, "Oh, I guess I'm the world's best golfer now." You have coaches and we have training that is going to get you there and we know how to deliver it, right? We know how to instruct it, right? You wouldn't have your kid go on a sports team where they're like, "Yeah, we we do inquiry training here where we don't teach you. We just let you productively struggle and figure it out yourself." Which is something we do a lot in schools. That's not an effective way to teach somebody, right? A sport. You're like, "Show me how to block. Give me the step by step. Give me the instruction you need so that I can do this better." So, I play this position perfectly. Nick Saven is like, "Do what I say. Play your position." On academics, the difference was we have a teacher in front of a classroom and the teacher in front of the classroom has to just give the median instruction to everybody. Imagine all the different players on your football team are all getting exactly the same instruction. You're like, "Well, the quarterback needs something different than the wide receiver." But the teacher just sits there and has to give everybody 25, 30, however many it is the exact same instruction. And that's what's different. Now, if you look at at why do we have access to education but not universal learning. We have universal access but not universal learning. It's because kids need individualized instruction right down to the true individual because at least in my high school, we had honors track for certain things. So it was tiered a little bit that if people were really really

伟大的。我认为这是一个很棒的框架。让我们先做运动方面的事情，然后我们会把它扔掉，因为这是改变的事情之一。我们如何提供支持或实际上的培训（即教育指导）发生了巨大的变化，这让我们在学术上获得了运动水平。所以在田径运动中，我们确实知道存在身体限制。你有你的故事。我的女儿在中学时就认为我将成为世界上最好的排球运动员。我要去斯坦福大学并在那里。这激励了她。这驱使她每天下午都在练习。当她成为高中新生时，她会说，“我不够高。我只是身体不够高。四年后我无法发挥我的位置。斯坦福大学不可能让我进入这个维度。所以，虽然她已经很好地了解了她的前沿极限，所以我们相信，你知道，身体上的限制会映射你的前沿。但在体育运动中，我们实际上知道如何让你到达前沿。这就是三角洲，这就是为什么我们在美国通过体育运动做这么多，因为我们有一个让孩子们到达那里的训练系统，“嘿，尽力而为。我希望你成为一名优秀的篮球运动员或高尔夫球手。”你看 YouTube 视频不会说，“哦，我想我现在是世界上最好的高尔夫球手了。”你有教练，我们有训练可以帮助你实现目标，我们知道如何实现它，对吗？我们知道如何指导，对吗？你不会让你的孩子加入一个运动队，他们会说，“是的，我们在这里进行探究训练，但我们不教你。我们只是让你富有成效地奋斗并自己找出答案。”这是我们在学校经常做的事情。这不是教别人的有效方法，对吧？一项运动。你会说，“告诉我如何阻止。给我一步一步。给我你需要的指导，这样我就能做得更好。”所以，我完美地发挥了这个位置。尼克·萨文就像是，“照我说的做。发挥你的位置。”在学术上，不同之处在于我们有一位老师在教室前面，而教室前面的老师必须向每个人提供中等的指导。想象一下，你的橄榄球队中所有不同的球员都得到完全相同的指导。你会说，“好吧，四分卫需要与外接手不同的东西。”但老师只是坐在那里，必须给每个人 25、30，无论多少都是完全相同的指导。这就是不同的地方。现在，如果你看看为什么我们有机会接受教育，但没有普及学习。这是因为孩子们需要个性化的指导，直到真正的个人，因为至少在我的高中，我们对某些事情有一些分级。

proficient at something, you'd you'd get into honors English or honors math and you would just kind of be among kids that were better performing. So the you know the mean shifted basically.

精通某件事，你会进入荣誉英语或荣誉数学，你就会成为表现更好的孩子之一。所以你知道平均值基本上发生了变化。

So individualized tutoring, think back Plato and Socrates, Aristotle, Alexander the Great. Individualized tutoring is the best model. A one-on-one model is the best model. A mentorship model, an apprentice mentor, that is the best model. It's not cost-effective. Which is why a [clears throat] 100 years ago when I have to get it to everybody, you're like, why you can't give everybody an individualized one [snorts] and so 30 to one was like what societies could afford. The number one thing parents measure schools on is class size and smaller is better because you're trying to get to one and so 20 20 to1 is better than 30 to1 10 to one is better than 20 to1. 5 to one is better than 10 and 1:1's the best.

那么个性化辅导，想想柏拉图、苏格拉底、亚里士多德、亚历山大大帝。个性化辅导是最好的模式。一对一的模型是最好的模型。师徒模式，学徒导师，那是最好的模式。这不划算。这就是为什么 100 年前，当我必须把它提供给每个人时，你会想，为什么你不能给每个人一个个性化的东西（哼哼），所以 30 比 1 就像社会可以承受的那样。家长衡量学校的首要标准是班级规模，越小越好，因为你想达到一个班级，所以 20 比 20 比 1 比 30 比 1 好，10 比 1 比 20 比 1 好。 5 比 1 比 10 好，1:1 最好。

In terms of homeschooling, because I know there's a lot of interest in that now, but not everyone can afford it. Yeah.

In terms of homeschooling, because I know there's a lot of interest in that now, but not everyone can afford it.是的。

What do the data say about the outcomes for homeschooling? Do those kids do well? And on I guess on what standards?

这些数据说明了在家上学的结果如何？那些孩子成绩好吗？我猜按照什么标准？

Homeschooling is totally biodal, which is are they homeschooling them for high standards

在家上学完全是生物性的，也就是说，他们在家上学的目的是为了高标准吗？

or not? And there's a lot of homeschoolers who are like, I don't like standardized tests. I don't like the standardized curriculum. I reject that whole system. And so those people do very poorly on anything like that. The level of academics that those students know is very low because the parents have basically abandoned that and said, "I care all about the life skills." For parents who really care about academics, those kids crush it. You have ex-teers homeschooling their kids in a one-on-one environment, and they can do it dramatically better. Now, there's still value even homeschooling, socialization, and because we have these high standards and the life skills at our schools, we actually have a bunch of homeschoolers who come who say, "Wow, this is the schooling system I was looking for because I I get both the high standards on the academic side, but then all the afternoons of these life skills that I thought I'd only get via homeschool." you want to get to one-on-one and that's the magic and so let's let's go on this because we we haven't talked about like the academic side and what is the breakthrough that allows us to change education from 50 and 100 years ago. So learning science there's a whole field of learning science right you can cognitive load theory cognitive science there's a famous paper from the 80s Bloom's two sigma program where he's he's like if you give an individual tutor to mastery level kids can learn at two sigma right two sigma it is top 2% we could get everybody so when you talk about the frontier he's basically claiming you can get everybody to the top 2% performance today assume having high levels of motivation.

或不？有很多家庭学生都说，我不喜欢标准化考试。我不喜欢标准化课程。我拒绝整个系统。所以那些人在类似的事情上做得很差。这些学生所知道的学术水平非常低，因为家长基本上已经放弃了这一点，并说“我只关心生活技能”。对于真正关心学业的父母来说，这些孩子会压垮他们。你让前球员在一对一的环境中在家教育他们的孩子，他们可以做得更好。现在，甚至在家上学、社交化仍然有价值，因为我们的学校有这些高标准和生活技能，所以实际上有一群在家上学的人来说，“哇，这就是我一直在寻找的学校教育系统，因为我在学术方面得到了高标准，但所有下午的生活技能我认为我只能通过在家上学才能获得。”你想要进行一对一的交流，这就是魔力，所以让我们继续讨论吧，因为我们还没有讨论过学术方面的问题，以及是什么突破让我们能够改变 50 到 100 年前的教育。所以学习科学有一个学习科学的整个领域，你可以认知负荷理论认知科学有一篇来自 80 年代布鲁姆的二西格玛计划的著名论文，他说如果你给一个单独的导师达到精通水平，孩子们可以在二西格玛学习，对二西格玛它是前 2%我们可以让每个人所以当你谈论前沿时他基本上声称你可以让每个人达到前 2%的表现今天假设有高水平的动机。

Correct. Mastery is actually the part everybody forgets about on that. If you have a tutor that's not mastery based, you won't get the top 2%. One sigma came from the tutor. One sigma comes from mastery, which once again we'll talk about we all accept mastery in in athletics, but we reject it explicitly reject it in education. And you actually need both. You need individualized instruction at a mastery level to get that performance. And now with AI tutors at cost-effectively, you can give every kid perfectly tailored lessons at their level for them at a mastery level. And that is the magic that then allows kids to learn 10 times faster. In our schools, when we talk about we're the best academic performing school, we're top 1%. We do it in two hours a day. Our average student does not sit in class for six and do homework. They sit at an AI app and they spend two hours a day. The average kid spent 121 minutes last year in the apps and learned more than 2x they what they would have in sitting in class for six and doing homework. So when you just look at those standards, it's, you know, depending on the class and stuff between 5 and 10x normal speed because you have 6 hours a day in homework versus two and you're performing at a level that's exceeding them the how much the average student learns by 2x. Could you enrich the picture in our minds a bit of of this kid for 121 minutes? Just the the top contour of what sorts of things they're doing. Is it a is it a human face that's teaching them or is it text prompts? What does it look like? So the first, just to be really clear on this, when people think AI chatbots,

正确的。精通实际上是每个人都忘记的部分。如果你的导师不精通，你就无法进入前 2%。 1 西格玛来自导师。一个西格玛来自于精通，我们将再次谈论我们在体育运动中都接受精通，但我们拒绝它，在教育中明确拒绝它。而你实际上两者都需要。您需要掌握水平的个性化指导才能获得这种表现。现在，有了人工智能导师，您可以以经济高效的方式为每个孩子提供适合他们水平的完美定制课程，达到他们的精通水平。这就是让孩子们学习速度提高十倍的魔力。在我们的学校，当我们谈论我们是学术表现最好的学校时，我们是前 1%。我们每天两个小时就能完成。我们的普通学生不会坐在六人的教室里做作业。他们坐在人工智能应用程序前，每天花两个小时。去年，孩子们平均在应用程序上花费了 121 分钟，所学到的知识是坐在六个人的课堂上做作业所学到的知识的两倍多。所以，当你看看这些标准时，你知道，这取决于班级和 5 到 10 倍正常速度之间的东西，因为你每天有 6 小时做家庭作业，而每天只有 2 小时，而且你的表现水平超过了普通学生学习量的 2 倍。你能在 121 分钟的时间里丰富一下我们脑海中这个孩子的形象吗？只是他们正在做的事情的大致轮廓。是人脸在教他们还是文字提示？它看起来像什么？首先，要明确这一点，当人们认为人工智能聊天机器人时，

it's not chat bots. If you take a chatbot and put it into a standard school, 90% of the kids use it to cheat. Doesn't matter what grade level you're at. I can't remember which Ivy League professor gave a final that he made in person, right? He made an inerson final and literally everybody like two people failed the exam. They're just chatbing their papers up. They're not reading books. They're getting chatbt summaries of them. And there's a whole push to ban them and things like this. And you know, while we're at AI school, used incorrectly, just like any technology, they can be bad. Here's how you want to think about it. Is what you know is the basis of what you can learn. And so being able to have a foundation and then building on that foundation is critical. And so if I am in material that's too hard and it's just too hard for me, you can give it to me all day long and I'm not going to learn it. Back in my world or your world, if you gave me an MCAT, I don't know the words on the page. You can tell me to have grit or growth mindset or you can tell me whatever you want. I'm not going to pass that test. And you need to roll me back to freshman bio and say that's where you are and then build me up from there to be able to do that. And that's the problem in our current education system today is we are taking eighth graders and we are delivering them eighth grade content because that's what an eighth grade teacher does by law. They need to stand up and deliver the eighth grade content. You know if you look at the stats we have people who need to be in seventh grade in that classroom, sixth grade, fifth grade because of COVID. You even have some who need to be in fourth and third grade because of all that learning loss that happened. They never learned it right. We have kids who didn't learn how to read in third and fourth grade. Oh my goodness.

这不是聊天机器人。如果你把一个聊天机器人放入标准学校，90% 的孩子用它来作弊。不管你处于什么年级。我不记得哪位常春藤盟校教授亲自做过期末考试了，对吧？他参加了一场无人参与的期末考试，实际上每个人都像两个人一样没有通过考试。他们只是在讨论他们的论文。他们不读书。他们正在获取他们的聊天摘要。人们正在大力禁止它们和类似的事情。你知道，当我们在人工智能学校时，如果使用不当，就像任何技术一样，它们可能会很糟糕。这就是你想要考虑的方式。你所知道的就是你能学到的基础。因此，能够拥有一个基础，然后在此基础上进行构建至关重要。因此，如果我学习的材料太难，而且对我来说太难，你可以整天给我它，但我不会学它。回到我的世界或你的世界，如果你给我一张 MCAT，我不认识页面上的单词。你可以告诉我要有勇气或成长心态，或者你可以告诉我你想要的任何东西。我不会通过那个测试。你需要让我回到新生简历，告诉我那是你现在的位置，然后从那里培养我，让我能够做到这一点。这就是我们当今教育体系中的问题，我们正在招收八年级学生，并向他们提供八年级内容，因为这是八年级教师依法所做的事情。他们需要站起来并提供八年级的内容。如果你看一下统计数据，你就会知道，由于新冠疫情，我们的教室里有七年级、六年级、五年级的学生。由于发生了所有的学习损失，甚至有些人需要上四年级和三年级。他们从来没有学对过。我们的孩子在三四年级时还没有学会如何阅读。哦，我的天啊。

And so now we're wondering why all the the curves are going down. It's like, well, because they're in eighth grade and they're being told eighth grade content and no one ever taught them how to read or other things when you talk about lower standards. They took away memorizing your multiplication tables and science of reading, teaching phonics, taking they took away some of the basics [snorts] that as you get into higher level grades as a kid, it just kills you.

所以现在我们想知道为什么所有的曲线都在下降。这就像，嗯，因为他们在八年级，他们被告知八年级的内容，当你谈论较低的标准时，没有人教他们如何阅读或其他事情。他们剥夺了你记忆乘法表和阅读科学的能力，教自然拼读法，他们剥夺了你小时候的一些基础知识[哼哼]，当你进入更高水平的年级时，它只会杀死你。

What was the rationale behind doing that? that it gets into a lot of a lot of debate around why that happened.

这样做的理由是什么？关于为什么会发生这种情况引起了很多争论。

I don't think there's a clear answer. I believe at the end of it,

我认为没有明确的答案。我相信最终，

they didn't realize how important it was. Like the science of learning, if you talk to your average, you know, teacher and you look at what's it taught in schools of education, cognitive load theory, right, and cognitive science and how all this works is not a main part of what the curriculum is. And so these teachers don't know like you know we just had our staff days before school starts. So I have hundreds of teachers. These are the best teachers in the world, right? We're the employer of choice for for teachers around the country. And I was like how many of you guys like learn direct instruction which is one of these concepts. You know 5% raised their hand. There's this project followth through a big project in the ' 70s that was like the largest educational study ever about effective ways to teach kids. I was like, "How many of you guys like read Project Follow Through Like when you're getting your masters?" And like none. And so there was uh she was she was a big teacher uh in Houston School District and she came and uh she's an alpha guide now and she I saw a Twitter post after the staff day. She's like, "I learned more in listening to Joe's 6-hour presentation, which I have the world's best learning science team who, you know, helps educate me as well. I learned more in six hours of listening to Joe about how kids learn than I did getting my masters or even my PhD. And just that curriculum, we don't have that knowledge and we need to we need to fix that. We it's not there. Is there an a textbook for for teachers? I mean like if somebody wants to become a neuroscientist or even just get a neuroscience degree, they read the book Principles of Neurobiology by Leechin Low or Principles of Neuroscience which used to be by Kandell Jesselyn Schwarz. I think there's someone else on there, but like everyone gets those books. You learn electrophysiology from Bird Hill, you get the biochemistry book from Strier. Like these are the books used everywhere. So that it doesn't matter if you're in a, you know, state university and wherever um or you're at Stanford, pretty much everyone is educated at the front end from the same textbooks. Correct.

他们没有意识到这有多重要。就像学习科学一样，如果你与你的平均水平交谈，你知道，老师，你看看教育学校教授的内容，认知负荷理论，正确的，认知科学以及所有这些如何运作并不是课程的主要部分。所以这些老师并不像你知道的那样，我们在开学前几天才配备了工作人员。所以我有数百名老师。这些是世界上最好的老师，对吗？ We're the employer of choice for for teachers around the country.我想知道你们中有多少人喜欢学习直接指导，这就是这些概念之一。你知道 5% 的人举手了。这个项目是 70 年代一个大型项目的后续项目，该项目就像有史以来最大规模的关于有效教育孩子的方法的教育研究。我当时想，“你们中有多少人在获得硕士学位时喜欢读《Project Follow Through Like》？”和没有一样。所以，呃，她是休斯顿学区的一位大老师，她来了，呃，她现在是一名阿尔法导游，我在员工日后看到了一条 Twitter 帖子。她说，“我在听乔的 6 小时演讲中学到了更多东西，我拥有世界上最好的学习科学团队，你知道，他们也帮助教育了我。在听乔的 6 个小时关于孩子们如何学习的过程中，我学到的东西比我获得硕士学位甚至博士学位还要多。就课程而言，我们没有这些知识，我们需要解决这个问题。我们不在那里。有一本给老师的教科书吗？我的意思是，如果有人想成为一名教师，神经科学家，甚至只是获得神经科学学位，他们会阅读 Leechin Low 的《神经生物学原理》或 Kandell Jesselyn Schwarz 的《神经科学原理》，我认为那里还有其他人，但就像每个人都从 Bird Hill 学习这些书一样，你也可以从 Strier 获得生物化学书籍。斯坦福大学，几乎每个人都接受过相同教科书的前端教育。

So you can go to a big international meeting and like everyone understands more or less the action potential.

因此，您可以参加大型国际会议，并且每个人都或多或少地了解行动潜力。

Education is not that. So, our educational system is not fact-based,

教育不是这样的。所以，我们的教育体系不是基于事实的，

which seems crazy, but uh there's there's a dean of a school of education for one of the best schools in the country who when was talking about the state the status of facts in education put up a picture of Galileo's trial where he's like, "This is a religious war. This isn't a fact-based trial about these things." There's a lot of evidence behind it. Like, take the UC system. There's a huge debate on whether the UC schools should use standardized tests or not and do standardized tests help and are they good things

这看起来很疯狂，但是呃，有一位全国最好的学校之一的教育学院院长，在谈论国家教育中事实的地位时，放了一张伽利略审判的照片，他说，“这是一场宗教战争。这不是对这些事情的基于事实的审判。”这背后有很多证据。比如，以 UC 系统为例。关于加州大学学校是否应该使用标准化考试存在着巨大的争论，标准化考试有帮助吗？它们是好事吗？

to get in or to progress through

进入或取得进展

to get in? Like should you Well, there's whole things of should kids have a standardized test to get out of high school to graduate high school. Should you be able to pass a test or not? And that's a debate. That's not like a fact. Now, when you're letting someone into your university, there's a view of, "Should we require standardized tests?" 2,000 professors, I think, I don't know exactly what it was, but 2,000 professors are like, "Yeah, we should use these." But the board of regents voted, "Yeah, no, we're not going to take them." Whatever decisions are being made around this stuff is not a fact-based decision. It's an opinion. It's I care about different goals. I'm trying to optimize on something besides academics. The goal of a school is not academics. When you look in education, it's a really complicated thing and right what is the purpose of a school? What is developing a child? Does academics matter? So when you think of these basic things like well the kid was struggling on his multiplication tables and I was worried about his mental health so I just told him don't worry about it you know and you're like well that's really going to hurt him to learn algebra. He's not going to do well at algebra. It's like the homeschoolers like I don't care about academics or there's parents at schools and one of the things I've learned in education especially in being uh principal of school is first of all I have massive empathy for everybody running these schools. So you know I I was watching in Austin we're like closing a bunch of schools right a lot of public schools are closing and and it's being closed because it's not hitting academic standards. Five years in a row it's failed. It just literally is not teaching these kids. These are eighth graders who can't read at a third grade level. And so the state and the school district's like, "We we need to close a school and put the kids in a school that's, you know, teaches them." And there's a mom who's just furious, right? And she's at the meeting and she's like, "I don't care about that. What I care about is my older daughter in seventh grade had teacher ABC, right? Had this great teacher who changed her life. And I want my younger child to have that same teacher. And if it means they're not good at math, whatever. And the rules of the government, right, the government school system is we are funding this to educate them on academics. Parents demands are very different. If you're the head of, you know, school, your parents are saying, well, I don't I don't care about that. Now, I believe you can do better and do it all and and those kind of things. But fundamentally, why is the regents at UC saying, "Yeah, I don't know. We're not going to we're not going to take standardized tests." 2,000 professors say it. There's also a bunch of professors say don't do it. In you get into all these debates on what the role of school is and then that's in the air and then the even the learning science inquiry learning versus direct instruction is a huge huge religious war around education on which is better. And so those kind of things are why it's not obvious. It's also part of being new into the space as coming in. Part of my magic is and part of why alpha is getting all this, you know, hype and talk is we're teaching kids five to 10 times faster. There is a set of the learning science that the results are the results are there. And there's a set of learning science that we're proving that hasn't been able to be implemented before that people are like, "Wow, if that's really true." And so why we're all these great learning scientists are coming and working with us is they're looking at this data and they're like, "Holy cow, this data is breakthrough level that we couldn't do before."

进去？就像你应该那样，嗯，孩子们是否应该参加标准化考试才能从高中毕业并毕业。您是否能够通过测试？这是一场辩论。这不像事实。现在，当你让某人进入你的大学时，会有一种观点，“我们应该要求标准化测试吗？” 2,000 名教授，我想，我不知道具体是什么，但 2,000 名教授会说，“是的，我们应该使用这些。”但董事会投票说：“是的，不，我们不会接受他们。”围绕这个问题做出的任何决定都不是基于事实的决定。这是一个意见。这是我关心不同的目标。我正在尝试在学术之外的其他方面进行优化。学校的目标不是学术。当你审视教育时，你会发现这是一件非常复杂的事情，学校的目的是什么？什么是孩子的成长？学术重要吗？所以，当你想到这些基本的事情时，孩子正在乘法表上挣扎，我担心他的心理健康，所以我只是告诉他不要担心，你知道，你会觉得这真的会伤害他学习代数。他代数不会学得很好。就像在家上学的人一样，我不关心学业，也不关心学校里有家长，我在教育中学到的一件事，特别是在担任校长时，首先我对经营这些学校的每个人都抱有极大的同情心。所以你知道我在奥斯汀看到我们就像关闭了很多学校一样，很多公立学校都在关闭，而且它被关闭是因为它没有达到学术标准。连续五年都失败了。它只是字面上没有教这些孩子。这些是八年级学生，无法达到三年级水平的阅读能力。所以州和学区就像是，“我们需要关闭一所学校，把孩子们送到一所教他们的学校。”还有一位妈妈非常愤怒，对吧？她参加了会议，她说，“我不在乎这个。我关心的是我七年级的大女儿有 ABC 老师，对吗？有一位改变了她生活的伟大老师。我希望我的小孩子有同样的老师。如果这意味着他们不擅长数学，无论如何。政府的规则是，对吧，公立学校系统是我们资助他们进行学术教育。家长的要求是非常不同的。如果你是校长，你知道，学校，你的父母会说，好吧，我不在乎，现在，我相信你可以做得更好，做所有这些事情，但从根本上说，为什么加州大学的董事会说，“是的，我不知道。我们不会，我们不会参加标准化考试。” 2000 名教授都这么说。也有很多教授说不要这样做。当你卷入所有关于学校的作用是什么的争论时，空气中就弥漫着这种争论，甚至学习科学探究式学习与直接教学也是一场围绕教育哪个更好的巨大宗教战争。所以这些事情就是为什么它不那么明显的原因。这也是新进入这个领域的一部分我的魔力之一就是为什么阿尔法能够做到这一点，你知道，炒作和谈论的一部分是我们教孩子的速度快了五到十倍。有一套学习科学，结果就是结果，我们正在证明，在人们会说“哇，如果这是真的的话。”这就是为什么我们所有这些伟大的学习科学家都来和我们一起工作。他们在查看这些数据时会说，“天哪，这些数据是我们以前无法做到的突破性水平。”

Mhm. Yeah. [clears throat] I'd like to take a quick break and acknowledge our sponsor, AG1. AG1 just launched their newest formulation called AG1 Pro, and right now you can get an extra 20% off your first subscription. AG1 takes the clinically backed AG1 formula, which is a blend of vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and adaptogens, and adds three important new ingredients: creatine monohydrate, calcium HMBB, and zinc carnosine. It has 5 grams of creatine monohydrate to support muscle strength and performance along with brain health, calcium HMBB to support muscle recovery and reduce muscle breakdown, and zinc carnosine to support and improve the lining of your gut. Some of these ingredients I personally was already taking separate from the AG1 formula. So, it's great to see all three of them now in the new AG1 Pro. As you may know, I've been taking AG1 every single day for about 14 years now. That means I discovered it and started taking it daily long before I even knew what a podcast was. I continued to take it and back it here on the podcast because it is an excellent formula, and it's now even better with the AG1 Pro formula. For a limited time, you can get an extra 20% off your first subscription to AG1 Pro by going to drinkag1.com/huberman and using the code backtoine. So that's with the numeral 2, back numeral 2 routine. Just go to drinkag1.com/huberman. Today's episode is also brought to us by Helix Sleep. Helix Sleep makes mattresses and pillows that are customized to your unique sleep needs. Now, I've spoken many times before on this and on other podcasts about the fact that getting a great night's sleep is the foundation of mental health, physical health, and performance. When we aren't getting great sleep on a consistent basis, everything suffers. And when we are sleeping well and enough, our mental health, physical health, and performance in all endeavors improve marketkedly. Now, the mattress you sleep on makes a huge difference in the quality of sleep that you get each night. How soft it is or how firm it is all play into your comfort and need to be tailored to your unique sleep needs. If you go to the Helix website, you can take a brief two-minute quiz and it will ask you questions such as, "Do you sleep on your back, your side, or your stomach? Maybe you know, maybe you don't. Do you tend to run hot or cold during the night?" Things of that sort. You answer those questions and Helix will match you to the ideal mattress for you. For me, that turned out to be the Dusk Dusk mattress. I've been sleeping on a Dusk mattress for more than four years now, and it's been far and away the best sleep that I've ever had. If you'd like to try Helix, you can go to helixleep.com/huberman, take that 2-minut sleep quiz, and Helix will match you to a mattress that's customized for you. Right now, Helix is giving up to 27% off their entire site. Helix has also teamed up with True Med, which allows you to use your HSA FSA dollars to shop Helix's award-winning mattresses. Again, that's helixleep.com/huberman to get up to 27% off. When you think about science and the development of sciences, chemistry, biology, physics, they had times which I'd call like education where there's debates and it's, you know, it's the it's Galileo's trial, right? It's it's unsure. They're doctors are bloodletting, you know, and leeching people. This is really a good idea, right? And you're just like, oh, right. No, like that's the best guy and he's saying to do it the same way you're

嗯。是的。 [清嗓子]我想稍微休息一下并感谢我们的赞助商 AG1。 AG1 刚刚推出了名为 AG1 Pro 的最新配方，现在您首次订阅可享受 20% 的额外折扣。 AG1 采用临床支持的 AG1 配方，该配方是维生素、矿物质、益生菌和适应原的混合物，并添加了三种重要的新成分：一水肌酸、HMBB 钙和肌肽锌。它含有 5 克一水肌酸，可支持肌肉力量和表现以及大脑健康；HMBB 钙可支持肌肉恢复并减少肌肉分解；肌肽锌可支持和改善肠道内壁。我个人已经将其中一些成分与 AG1 配方分开服用。因此，很高兴看到这三者现在都出现在新款 AG1 Pro 中。如您所知，我每天服用 AG1 已有大约 14 年了。这意味着我早在知道播客是什么之前就发现了它并开始每天服用它。我继续在播客上使用它并返回它，因为它是一个出色的公式，现在使用 AG1 Pro 公式甚至更好。在有限的时间内，您可以通过访问 Drinkag1.com/huberman 并使用代码 backtoine 获得首次订阅 AG1 Pro 的额外 20% 折扣。这就是数字 2，后面的数字 2 例程。只需访问 Drinkag1.com/huberman。今天的节目也是由 Helix Sleep 为我们带来的。 Helix Sleep 生产根据您独特的睡眠需求定制的床垫和枕头。现在，我之前曾多次在这个播客和其他播客上谈到这样一个事实：睡个好觉是心理健康、身体健康和表现的基础。当我们不能持续获得良好的睡眠时，一切都会受到影响。当我们睡眠良好、充足时，我们的心理健康、身体健康和所有努力的表现都会得到改善。现在，您所睡的床垫会对您每晚的睡眠质量产生巨大影响。它的柔软度或硬度都会影响您的舒适度，并且需要根据您独特的睡眠需求进行定制。如果你访问 Helix 网站，你可以做一个两分钟的简短测验，它会问你一些问题，比如“你是仰睡、侧睡还是趴着睡？也许你知道，也许你不知道。你晚上会感觉热还是冷？”诸如此类的事情。您回答这些问题，Helix 就会为您匹配理想的床垫。对我来说，这就是 Dusk Dusk 床垫。我已经在 Dusk 床垫上睡了四年多了，这无疑是我睡过的最好的睡眠。如果您想尝试 Helix，可以访问 helixleep.com/huberman，参加 2 分钟的睡眠测验，Helix 将为您匹配一张为您定制的床垫。目前，Helix 整个网站提供高达 27% 的折扣。 Helix 还与 True Med 合作，允许您使用 HSA FSA 美元购买 Helix 屡获殊荣的床垫。再次强调，helixleep.com/huberman 提供高达 27% 的折扣。当你思考科学和科学、化学、生物学、物理学的发展时，我称之为教育，其中存在辩论，你知道，这是伽利略的审判，对吗？就是它不确定。你知道，他们的医生正在放血，并吸食人。这确实是个好主意，对吧？你就像，哦，对了。不，就像那是最好的人，他说要像你一样做

there's a little bit of that going on now. Still

现在正在发生一些这样的事情。仍然

it's unsettled. Now in each of those there was the invention of an instrument and a technology or an instrument that radically changed and inlected those sciences. So the microscope, right, the light microscope, the telescope, chemistry, the analytical balance, you didn't blow yourself up. Those inlected those sciences. And now for the first time with education AI allows us to get it allows that finer measurements. What those allowed was finer grain measurements right the microscope it let me see cells right I'm like oh I'm starting to understand this of how this works AI because it's on a onetoone basis is giving us a data loop that nobody in learning science no one in education has ever had and we have it. It's a closed loop and that magical data loop is what's allowing us to get the five to 10 times improvements in education because it's our microscope. It's our telescope. Now, it's not a chatbot that's not getting you that. But if you generate a personalized lesson for every kid, let's step back and say what what's a teacher in front of the classroom? The problem with teacher in front of classroom is it's so dirty, right? your data, your effect size is driven by random classroom elements, not the learning science. So if I come up with a learning science idea and I give it to a teacher in front of a classroom, first of all, do they even teach it the way right? Is the instruction done the right way? It's going to 30 people. Prere matters. If I don't know algebra, you don't give me a chemistry lesson. And do the students have the prerequisites needed. Second, are the students motivated? Are they spinning in their chair, not even paying attention? The effect size is dominated by all of that, not actually the learning science concept. And in our world, right, where we have kids super engaged for 2 hours in the app, I know when I give a lesson, I can measure their engagement. I can see if that lesson was good because I know how they did on the questions right afterward. I can then test them later because I'm getting space repetition. I'm getting recall later. I can say whether that really was transferred to long-term memory and I can say wow that really works. So there's different theories of of learning science. You have there's concepts of direct instruction like should you have the kids struggle or should you just teach them directly? How can you teach them directly without struggle? I mean my understanding of neuroplasticity which is an area I come from but not specifically in the in the context of education is that if a brain or a body can execute a particular thing a movement or a cognitive process a math problem there is no reason for it to change that the error signal is what actually drives the opportunity for change and so without errors there's no struggle and therefore without struggle there's no learning so I don't see a world where you can teach without a kid or an adult feeling some degree of like mild agitation. They might learn to think of that as excitement and curiosity, but there's got to be some level of arousal like I have to think, right? You know, got to be brought to Yes. Engagement and attention, right? You have to have engagement and attention. Exactly what you're talking about. And errors definitely do matter and we we can talk about that side, but let's just take take an example which is

它不稳定。现在，每一个领域都发明了一种仪器和一项技术，或者一种从根本上改变和影响了这些科学的仪器。所以显微镜，对吧，光学显微镜，望远镜，化学，分析天平，你没有炸死自己。那些人接受了那些科学。现在，教育人工智能首次使我们能够进行更精细的测量。这些允许的是在显微镜下进行更精细的颗粒测量，它让我可以正确地看到细胞，我想哦，我开始理解人工智能是如何工作的，因为它在一对一的基础上为我们提供了一个数据循环，这是学习科学的人、教育界的人都没有拥有过的数据循环，而我们拥有它。这是一个闭环，神奇的数据循环使我们的教育水平提高了 5 到 10 倍，因为它是我们的显微镜。这是我们的望远镜。现在，并不是聊天机器人无法帮助您实现这一点。但是，如果您为每个孩子提供个性化课程，那么让我们退一步说，教室前面的老师是什么？老师在教室前面的问题是太脏了，对吧？你的数据，你的效应大小是由随机的课堂元素驱动的，而不是学习科学。因此，如果我提出一个学习科学的想法，并将其交给教室前的老师，首先，他们是否以正确的方式教授它？指示是否以正确的方式完成？人数将达到 30 人。前事很重要。如果我不懂代数，你就不会给我上化学课。以及学生是否具备所需的先决条件。第二，学生的积极性如何？他们是否在椅子上打转，甚至没有注意？效果大小是由所有这些决定的，实际上并不是学习科学概念。在我们的世界里，孩子们在应用程序中投入了两个小时，我知道当我上课时，我可以衡量他们的参与度。我可以看出这堂课是否好，因为我知道他们随后的问题表现如何。然后我可以稍后测试它们，因为我得到了空间重复。稍后我会回忆起来。我可以说这是否真的被转移到长期记忆中，我可以说哇，这确实有效。所以有不同的学习科学理论。你有直接指导的概念，比如你应该让孩子们挣扎还是应该直接教他们？你怎么能不费劲地直接教他们呢？我的意思是，我对神经可塑性的理解是我来自的一个领域，但不是专门在教育背景下，如果大脑或身体可以执行特定的事情，一个运动或一个认知过程，一个数学问题，那么它就没有理由改变，错误信号实际上推动了改变的机会，所以没有错误就没有斗争，因此没有斗争就没有学习，所以我看不到一个孩子或成人在没有某种程度的轻微激动的情况下可以教学的世界。他们可能会学会将其视为兴奋和好奇，但必须有一定程度的兴奋，就像我必须思考的那样，对吧？你知道，必须被带到 Yes。参与度和关注度，对吗？你必须有参与和关注。正是你所说的。错误确实很重要，我们可以讨论这一点，但让我们举一个例子：

I'll give you a math problem. no instruction, figure it out. That's one way to try to learn. The better way to learn, the faster way to learn is to give you them a worked example where you show them and then you progressively remove the parts of the example where they're having to progressively go up and then by the end they can solve the problem with no scaffolding. It's a question of scaffolding and

[中文翻译暂缺，请以英文原文为准]

that's a faster way to teach kids than just saying good luck. So it's in in some sense incremental learning with an example at the front end

这是比仅仅说祝你好运更快的教育孩子的方法。所以从某种意义上说，它是增量学习，在前端有一个例子

and and so that's that would be a worked example is a good example. Then you have space repetition which is everybody has a forgetting curve and they're different by person back to that frontier curve. Uh and so how often and right before you're going to forget it you want to remind them and if you do that over a few times then it gets your recall

这就是一个有效的例子，一个很好的例子。然后你有空间重复，每个人都有一条遗忘曲线，并且每个人的记忆曲线都不同。呃，所以在你要忘记之前，你想提醒他们多久，如果你这样做了几次，你就会想起它

from long-term memory. It will be there when you need it in the future. And so I have worked examples and then spaced repetition. Now there's a debate and there has been a debate about do you need some drill and kill known as initial mastery that you have to hit it with initial mastery the first time you're learning it or can you not learn it to mastery but because of spaced repetition over time by the third or fourth time you'll get the equivalent of mastery right

来自长期记忆。当你将来需要的时候它就会在那里。所以我先做了一些例子，然后间隔重复。现在有一个争论，关于你是否需要一些被称为初始掌握的练习和杀戮，你必须在第一次学习它时通过初始掌握来达到它，或者你不能学习它以掌握它，但由于随着时间的推移，在第三次或第四次时间隔重复，你将获得相当于掌握的权利

and you're defining mastery as like 95% or better

并且您将掌握程度定义为 95% 或更高

correct And so that's been a debate

正确 所以这是一场争论

around it.

围绕它。

You you can't measure that in a school. That that's too fine grained. We actually measured it over the last year and our learning scientists actually because of the papers that's published is very much you don't need initial mastery. You can do it with space repetition. And what's what's interesting is at the end of the year, we were looking at our scores and basically in 8th through 12th, we crushed it with just worked examples and spaced repetition because once you get into algebra, the multi-line problems, worked examples really matter. But in fourth through 7th, it wasn't as effective because the problems are easier. And so what you lose is you want more initial mastery because the worked examples aren't as important. And so like this year when we saw the scores go down, we then just added initial mastery back to it. So you get the worked example, you get the initial mastery and then space repetition. And that data set between those two things, that's a data set that doesn't exist out there. And it seems to me that data set would be very valuable for schools outside of alpha school just to understand that for whatever it is that kids are generally taught in the curriculum of you said fourth to 7th that they need to get to 95% or better proficiency. English literature, calculus, things like that. If they're learning those things, you're saying if they don't need to get to mastery, where do they need to get to?

你无法在学校里衡量这一点。那太细粒度了。我们实际上在去年测量了它，我们的学习科学家实际上因为发表的论文非常多，你不需要初步掌握。你可以通过空格重复来做到这一点。有趣的是，到了年底，我们查看了我们的分数，基本上在第 8 到第 12 名中，我们仅通过练习示例和间隔重复就碾压了它，因为一旦你进入代数、多行问题，练习示例就真的很重要。但在第四到第七的时候，它就没有那么有效了，因为问题更容易了。所以你失去的是你想要更多的初步掌握，因为工作示例并不那么重要。就像今年一样，当我们看到分数下降时，我们就将最初的掌握程度恢复到原来的水平。所以你得到了有效的例子，你得到了最初的掌握，然后是空间重复。这两件事之间的数据集是一个不存在的数据集。在我看来，数据集对于阿尔法学校以外的学校来说非常有价值，只是为了了解无论什么，孩子们通常在你所说的第四到第七课程中学习，他们需要达到 95% 或更好的熟练程度。英国文学、微积分之类的。如果他们正在学习这些东西，你会说如果他们不需要掌握这些东西，他们需要去哪里？

They need to get to mastery all the time. Initial mastery always matters. Just it always does. And so whether it's learning your vocabulary words to, you know, to that example, reading comprehension is a is a function of vocabulary. Like we can measure now, you know, today the best way to do well on SAT English or, you know, to know English is just read lots of books and look up the words you don't understand and you'll kill the verbal. You'll just like with a verbal GRE, it's always a little tricky with people in the sciences. You're like, I'm worried about the verbal GRE and you just go

他们需要始终掌握。最初的掌握总是很重要的。总是如此。因此，无论是学习词汇，还是以那个例子来说，阅读理解都是词汇的函数。就像我们现在可以衡量的那样，你知道，今天取得好 SAT 英语的最好方法，或者你知道，了解英语的最好方法就是阅读大量书籍，查找你不理解的单词，这样你就会扼杀口语。你会喜欢 GRE 口语考试，对于科学领域的人来说总是有点棘手。你说，我担心 GRE 口试，你就走吧

read a book

读一本书

under a good book and underline every word you don't understand. Look it up and then have a vocabulary. I still have those vocabulary list and you and everyone ends up in like the 90th plus percentile if they actually do that.

在一本好书下，在每个你不明白的单词下划线。查一下，然后就有词汇了。我仍然保留着这些词汇表，如果你和每个人真的这么做的话，他们最终都会排在第 90 个百分点以上。

Correct.

正确的。

That's why good schools, right, who do well on the SAT have a great lit program, right? They have a great great books program. And here look at our book list. This is what all the kids read because that's what's going to drive vocabulary which which drives those scores. It drives knowledge acquisition as well. You know we're in our apps. We can literally determine okay well we can we can teach you the vocabulary words. We've actually learned the problem that you have is when you take a vocabulary word and it's just like a flashc card like vocabulary word. You don't know its limits. Like what's the difference between happy and ecstatic? And if you just are flashc carding, you really can't tell the range. That's what you get from reading books. When you read 10,000 pages, you then are like, "Ah, I now understand the difference between a static and happy, right? Where are the boundaries of the vocabulary words and that's how you build a rich vocabulary, right? And a rich reading comprehension and capability." That's one of the things like in our apps now we can just be like oh we can give you vocabulary words and show you the limits and help educate you directly where it's it's a more effective way than read the book and go look it up when you don't know it. And so back to all these different things initial mastery matters just on everything. Let's even go further. There's sort of concepts which is have you solved it once? Have you done it enough to mastery? Which is, you know, I can do three easy problems or I can do 10 hard ones. The 10 hard ones is mastery. And then even if I can do the 10 hard ones, can I do it a month later? Right? Did I cram the night before? Because cramming is bad. Can I do it month one month before, two months before? Spaced repetition covers that. There's a third dimension that really matters and this is back to cognitive science which is you know the way the brain works is you have a certain number of working memory slots and then you have long-term memory and your working memory slots are limited you have limited attention and you're that's right that's computing right that's where you're thinking and the concept is though of fluency is this magical concept about brain science right it's magical which is if you memorize something to fluency when you use it. It doesn't take a working memory slot. And working memory slots are function of IQ. It's like the best way to be farther on your frontier curve independent of you know whatever your brain chemistry is which is if I have memorized something to fluency and here's the example to think about it. Let's take multiplication tables and why is algebra hard if I haven't memorized my math facts. If I know 7 * 8 is 56, that takes nothing, right? I you just know it. I have it to fluency. If I have to calculate 7 * 8, I'm actually using my working memory slots. The problem is I only have a few of them. So, when I'm in algebra, I'm in a multi-step word problem and I'm using my slots up for something that I can't because I need it for other things. And that's why when kids get to algebra and they start to struggle, the issue is not the algebra. The issue is the third grade math facts they didn't learn. And the way to fix the problem is not pound them with more algebra. It's to go fix the third grade problem. If you want the most crazy example we have is we had a girl who's low 700 math SAT. She kept taking the test and kept getting careless errors. Like focus, focus. You need to focus. And then we figured out you don't know your math facts. So we had her go back and learn right memorize your multiplication tables. And first of all, back to like changing education. You can't convince someone with a 710 that the problem is a third grade lesson. You definitely can't convince their parents. Right? That took a lot of motivational pushing on our guides to do that.

这就是为什么 SAT 成绩好的好学校都有很棒的文学课程，对吗？他们有一个很棒的图书计划。看看我们的书单。这是所有孩子都读的内容，因为这会推动词汇量的增长，进而推动分数的增长。它也推动了知识的获取。您知道我们在我们的应用程序中。我们可以从字面上确定我们可以教您词汇。我们实际上已经了解到您遇到的问题是，当您获取一个词汇单词时，它就像一张闪存卡一样的词汇单词。你不知道它的极限。就像快乐和狂喜有什么区别？而如果你只是 flashc 梳理的话，你还真分不清范围。这就是你从读书中得到的。当你读完一万页的时候，你会想，“啊，我现在明白静态和快乐的区别了，对吧？词汇的界限在哪里，这就是你如何建立丰富的词汇量，对吧？以及丰富的阅读理解和能力。”这就是我们应用程序中的一件事，现在我们可以说哦，我们可以为您提供词汇，向您展示其局限性，并帮助您直接教育您，这是比阅读书籍并在您不知道时查找它更有效的方式。回到所有这些不同的事情，最初的掌握对所有事情都很重要。让我们更进一步。有一些概念你解决过一次吗？你已经做到足够掌握了吗？也就是说，你知道，我可以做 3 个简单的问题，也可以做 10 个困难的问题。 10 个难点就是精通。那么即使我能做 10 个难的，一个月后我能做吗？正确的？我前一天晚上补习了吗？因为临时抱佛脚是不好的。我可以在一个月前、两个月前做吗？间隔重复涵盖了这一点。还有一个真正重要的第三个维度，这又回到了认知科学，你知道大脑的工作方式是你有一定数量的工作记忆槽，然后你有长期记忆，你的工作记忆槽是有限的，你的注意力有限，你是对的，那就是计算，这就是你思考的地方，概念是流畅性，这是关于脑科学的神奇概念，它是神奇的，如果你在使用某些东西时能够流畅地记住它。它不需要工作内存插槽。工作记忆插槽是智商的函数。这就像在你的前沿曲线上走得更远的最好方法，无论你知道你的大脑化学物质是什么，也就是说，如果我已经流利地记住了一些东西，这里是思考它的例子。让我们以乘法表为例，如果我没有记住数学事实，为什么代数很难。如果我知道 7 * 8 是 56，那不需要什么，对吧？我你才知道。我已经做到流利了。如果我必须计算 7 * 8，我实际上正在使用我的工作内存插槽。问题是我只有其中几个。所以，当我学习代数时，我遇到了一个多步骤的应用题，我用我的插槽来做一些我做不到的事情，因为我需要它来做其他事情。这就是为什么当孩子们开始学习代数时，他们开始感到困难，问题不在于代数。问题是他们没有学到三年级的数学事实。解决这个问题的方法并不是用更多的代数来冲击它们。是去解决三年级的问题。如果你想举个最疯狂的例子，我们有一个女孩 SAT 数学成绩低至 700 分。她不断地参加考试，却不断地犯粗心的错误。就像专注，专注。你需要集中注意力。然后我们发现你不知道你的数学事实。所以我们让她回去学习正确记住乘法表。首先，回到喜欢改变教育的话题。你无法让 710 的人相信问题是三年级的课程。你绝对不能 说服他们的父母。正确的？我们的导游需要付出很大的努力才能做到这一点。

What about the student? What was her attitude toward

那学生呢？她对此持什么态度

her attitude's like, I can't I don't need to do that. Look, I'm good in math. I'm in advanced math. 710 is not a bad score. It's not 800, but it's it's But she's like, it can't be that I need my multiplication tables. And she's like, and you know, everybody's telling her, "It's careless. You're being careless." She was just running out of working memory slots. And so she went back, memorized her multiplication tables, and she got a 790 SAT, which speaks beautifully to what we know about neuroplasticity of learning. I mean, like, like you're saying, I mean, memories, people always go, "Oh, it's like the hippocampus passed to the cortex." The fluency piece. I think that this notion of freeing up working memory slots. Maybe we just double click on that for a second. I think people assume well you even if it would take this this young woman a little bit longer to do the multiplication then she could then move to the next step of the problem. There are two issues there right as I understand and you'll you'll you'll tell me that there's probably more. One is that there's a a time pressure

她的态度是，我不能，我不需要这样做。瞧，我数学很好。我学的是高等数学。 710 分已经算不错的成绩了。不是 800，但就是这样，但她说，我不可能需要乘法口诀表。她就像，你知道，每个人都告诉她，“这太粗心了。你太粗心了。”她的工作记忆槽快用完了。于是她回去背了乘法表，SAT 成绩为 790，这很好地说明了我们对学习神经可塑性的了解。我的意思是，就像你说的，我的意思是，记忆，人们总是会说，“哦，就像海马体传递到了皮质。”流畅度部分。我认为这种释放工作内存插槽的概念。也许我们只需双击它一秒钟。我认为人们会认为你很好，即使这个年轻女子需要更长的时间来完成乘法，然后她就可以进入问题的下一步。据我了解，有两个问题，你会告诉我，可能还有更多问题。一是有时间压力

on the test and

在测试和

the other piece is that we know that ability to focus is also constrained by the things that you're not consciously thinking about like we know this from the phone for example. I'm curious how Alpha School treats phones. We know that if the phone is upside down on a table based on a good study in a bag under the chair,

另一方面，我们知道专注能力也会受到你无意识思考的事情的限制，就像我们从电话中知道的那样。我很好奇阿尔法学校如何对待手机。根据对椅子下袋子里的仔细研究，我们知道，如果手机倒放在桌子上，

performance drops. But if it's out of the room, performance is rescued. It doesn't get better. And we know that in every case, the student can focus or the person can focus. I believe this was done in adults. But the issue is they don't have enough cognitive space to be able to elaborate on ideas, come up with novel solutions and things like that. So, it's not really a focus issue. It's that the brain is computing consciously and unconsciously. So my guess is that she could iterate but that there's some higher order concept is not coming becoming clear.

性能下降。但如果它离开了房间，性能就会得到挽救。情况并没有好转。我们知道，在任何情况下，学生都可以集中注意力，或者人也可以集中注意力。我相信这是成年人做的。但问题是他们没有足够的认知空间来阐述想法、提出新颖的解决方案等等。所以，这并不是一个真正的焦点问题。就是大脑在有意识和无意识地进行计算。所以我的猜测是她可以迭代，但有一些更高阶的概念还没有变得清晰。

Yeah, correct. The number of working beverage spots slots is the number of unique you know chunks that you can think about and I'll give a different example and maybe this this also helps. you just have a limit and you run out and if you're using them for something you can't use it for something else and a certain math problem takes a certain number of slots like so I can predict are you going to struggle with this math problem and is it too hard for you based on whether you have fluency or not even if I know you know the problem even if you've taught the material and you know how to do it I can tell whether you're going to struggle you can take gifted kids as an example they have the most working memory slots but every gifted kid goes through this in math which is they do everything in their head. They never write down their work. And everybody's always like, "You're going to have to write down and show your work." And they're like, "Whatever. I just do everything in my head." And then every gifted kid at some point in their education hit their wall because there's some math that you just can't do in your head and you have to start writing down. And they haven't learned it. They've learned all the bad habits. They haven't learned the good habits, the good traits of actually how do I do a multi-step problem where I'm working it down and they hit a wall and for the first time they're like I can't do a math problem. Is that one of the reasons why child prodigies don't continue on a linear trajectory to hyper performance? I mean I was once told by a child prodigy because he was referred to as a child prodigy and and had performed done something incredible. I don't want to reveal who this was and he corrected me immediately. He said former child prodigy. I was like okay get it. Yeah,

是的，正确。工作饮料点插槽的数量是您可以考虑的独特的您知道的块的数量，我将给出一个不同的示例，也许这也有帮助。你只是有一个限制，你用完了，如果你用它们做某件事，你就不能用它做其他事，某个数学问题需要一定数量的插槽，所以我可以预测你是否会在这个数学问题上挣扎，它对你来说是否太难，基于你是否流利，即使我知道你知道这个问题，即使你已经教过材料，你知道如何做，我可以告诉你是否会挣扎，你可以以有天赋的孩子为例，他们有最多的工作记忆插槽但每个有天赋的孩子在数学上都会经历这个，他们在脑子里做所有的事情。他们从不写下他们的工作。每个人总是说，“你必须写下并展示你的作品。”他们会说，“随便吧。我只是在脑子里做所有事情。”然后，每个有天赋的孩子在接受教育的某个时刻都会遇到困难，因为有些数学你无法在头脑中完成，你必须开始写下来。而他们还没有学会。他们已经学会了所有的坏习惯。他们还没有学会如何做一个多步骤问题的好习惯和良好特征，我正在解决这个问题，他们碰壁了，第一次他们好像我不会做一道数学题。这是神童不能继续沿着直线轨迹获得超强表现的原因之一吗？我的意思是，曾经有一位神童告诉我，因为他被称为神童，并且做了一些令人难以置信的事情。我不想透露这是谁，他立即纠正了我。他说曾经的神童。我当时想，好吧，明白了。是的，

but he said you should look up the data on child prodigies. The outcomes are not super impressive.

但他说你应该查一下神童的数据。结果并不令人印象深刻。

I mean sometimes, yes, within a very narrow domain, but the outcomes are usually not that impressive as adults.

我的意思是，有时，是的，在一个非常狭窄的领域内，但结果通常并不像成年人那么令人印象深刻。

We should go into that on that on that whole thing. So, we have a school that we're building for gifted kids.

我们应该就整个事情进行探讨。因此，我们正在为有天赋的孩子建造一所学校。

A lot of the problems that we have in our current school system is we're not challenging and we're boring these child prodigies

我们当前的学校系统存在的很多问题是我们没有挑战性，而且我们让这些神童感到无聊

and we're teaching them the worst habits in the world. And so we're giving them 12 years of the worst habits and then even their capability can't overcome that. That it's the super gifted athlete who literally has every bad habit in the book and then you're like, "Oh, now in the MLB you're doomed." And that is what we do with most of our gifted kids. And we're not teaching. We're not they're not challenged, right? they sit there in their board and they can answer every question like this, you know, through the program versus giving them the challenging problem when they're in third grade and fourth grade and then they're having to learn all the right skills so that they can progress through. And we also in our culture, we highlight gifted athletes, you know, a hundred times more. It's it's better to be the quarterback on the Westlake football team than it is to be the the number one academic kid at that school

我们正在教他们世界上最糟糕的习惯。所以我们让他们养成了 12 年最坏的习惯，然后即使他们的能力也无法克服它。这是一位超级有天赋的运动员，他确实拥有书中所有的坏习惯，然后你会想，“哦，现在在美国职业棒球大联盟，你注定要失败。”这就是我们对大多数有天赋的孩子所做的事情。而且我们不是在教学。我们不是，他们没有受到挑战，对吧？他们坐在董事会中，他们可以通过该计划回答这样的每一个问题，而不是在他们三年级和四年级时给他们提出具有挑战性的问题，然后他们必须学习所有正确的技能，以便他们能够进步。在我们的文化中，我们也强调有天赋的运动员，你知道，这一点要高出一百倍。成为西湖足球队的四分卫比成为该校成绩第一的孩子更好

in the US. In the US, yeah, we were in foreign very different for sure, but in the US that so one of the things we're going to do with that program and we can talk about later is just find the 100,000 smartest kids in this country and turn them up to 11.

在美国。在美国，是的，我们在国外的情况确实很不一样，但在美国，我们要通过该计划做的一件事（稍后我们可以讨论）就是找到这个国家 100,000 个最聪明的孩子，并将他们提高到 11 岁。

Like if these kids can learn 10 times faster,

就像如果这些孩子的学习速度能快十倍，

let's get it to everybody. We started this program, Texas has a voucher program. We have, you know, rural Texas kids who their school, they just don't have access to it. They're joining up this program and they are crushing through it. And so we're going to get that out broadly across America. There's this always been the dream like like where's the next Einstein like maybe this Einstein kid she or he is like I don't know they don't even know that they have this capability.

让我们向大家介绍一下。我们启动了这个计划，德克萨斯州有一个代金券计划。你知道，我们有德克萨斯州农村的孩子，他们上学，但他们无法上学。他们正在加入这个计划，并且正在全力以赴地完成它。因此，我们将在美国广泛推广这一点。一直有这样的梦想，就像下一个爱因斯坦在哪里，也许这个爱因斯坦孩子她或他就像我不知道他们甚至不知道他们有这种能力。

Exactly. Our goal is to get these 100,000 kids academically MIT eligible by middle school. That's 1580 SATs fives on you know calc BC physics C AP Langlet those kind of things where we're like these kids have all this potential we are wasting it. we're boring them and we should just turn them up. But we think it's every kid is like that. I, you know, I don't think every kid back to the frontier, every kid can't get to MIT eligible by middle school, but the ones who can, we should. But we can get every kid in America dramatically better than where they are today in academics.

确切地。我们的目标是让这 100,000 名孩子在中学阶段获得 MIT 的学术资格。那是 1580 SAT 的五分之二，你知道计算 BC 物理 C AP Langlet 那些我们就像这些孩子拥有所有潜力的东西，我们正在浪费它。我们厌倦了它们，我们应该把它们打开。但我们认为每个孩子都是这样。我，你知道，我不认为每个回到边疆的孩子，每个孩子都不能在中学时达到麻省理工学院的资格，但那些可以的，我们应该这样做。但我们可以让美国的每个孩子在学业上都比他们今天的水平好得多。

Well, we can get them to their frontier.

好吧，我们可以把他们带到他们的边境。

Correct.

正确的。

We can get them to their frontier. And so, and that's what this system does where you're like, well, get them to the frontier, which is reading is just fluency, right? If you're when you're learning how to read, you're struggling because you don't know the words. And then eventually it becomes fluency and then you don't have to think about it and you can crush through it and then reading becomes much more fun, much more enjoyable. And so a lot of this is just we don't do the basics. We need to nail the basics. Just like in sports, my famous example I always use is if you lose the ball 20% of the time going down the court, the coach is not saying let's work on the dunks and the alley oops or the even the layups. They're like ball handling. We're going to get ball handling. 20% isn't acceptable. 15% isn't acceptable. You can't be 85 80% accurate.

我们可以把他们带到他们的边境。所以，这就是这个系统所做的，你会想，好吧，让他们到达前沿，即阅读很流畅，对吧？如果你正在学习如何阅读，你会因为不认识单词而感到困难。然后最终它会变得流利，然后你就不需要去思考它，你可以碾压它，然后阅读就会变得更加有趣，更加令人享受。所以很多都是因为我们没有做好基础工作。我们需要打好基础。就像在体育运动中一样，我经常使用的著名例子是，如果你在场上有 20% 的时间丢球，教练不会说让我们练习扣篮、空中接力甚至上篮。他们就像控球一样。我们要进行控球。 20%是不可接受的。 15%是不可接受的。你不可能做到 85 80% 准确。

In America, we're like, "You getting a B, man. Move on. We're moving on to dunks. You just finished fourth grade at 80%. Let's get you into that fifth grade stuff." And the answer is no. No. Cuz then all those problems compound. And let's go the other way. If you're struggling in chemistry, I can give you an algebra test and tell you how you're going to do in chemistry. Because chemistry is basically algebra with cool word problems. And if you don't know algebra, the time to try to learn algebra is not in the middle of a chemistry problem. You need to know it. And so algebra, I can give you a fraction test. Algebra is basically, can you do fast manipulation of fractions? And so what's your fluency on fractions? Fractions are just, have you memorized your multiplication and division tables? You know, math more than anything, but even reading on stuff with vocabulary words, it's all just a layer. And if you don't have the foundation and you just keep pushing kids higher, that's the learning curves in this country slow down. If you take our learning curves relatively, you know, kindergarten by the time you get to middle school and high school, high school, the median student in America doesn't learn anything. There's a test, there's a bunch of them, but you can use this one, which is NWA MAP test. It's a 300point scale. The average eighth grader to 12th grader goes up one point from a you know it depends on the subject but 233 to 234 four years later they don't learn anything. And the reason is because if I'm in the advanced math I'm like I don't know my multiplication tables and if I don't know it and I don't know it to mastery I'm not going to able to progress and it's going to eventually catch up with me. The same way in basketball, if you said, "I have a player who's a B player 80% across every function," they're not going to score one point in a basketball game

在美国，我们会说，“你得了 B，伙计。继续吧。我们要继续扣篮了。你刚刚以 80% 的成绩完成了四年级。让我们让你进入五年级的学习吧。”答案是否定的。不，因为所有这些问题都会变得更加复杂。让我们换个方式吧。如果你在化学方面遇到困难，我可以给你做一个代数测试，并告诉你化学方面的表现如何。因为化学基本上是带有很酷的文字问题的代数。如果你不懂代数，那么尝试学习代数的时间并不是在化学问题中。你需要知道它。所以代数，我可以给你做一个分数测试。代数基本上就是，你能快速运算分数吗？那么你对分数的熟练程度如何？分数只是，你记住乘法表和除法表了吗？你知道，数学比什么都重要，但即使是阅读带有词汇的东西，也只是一层。如果你没有基础，只是不断地让孩子们走得更高，那么这个国家的学习曲线就会变慢。如果你比较一下我们的学习曲线，你就会知道，从幼儿园到初中、高中、高中，美国的中等学生什么也学不到。有一个测试，有很多，但你可以使用这个，即 NWA MAP 测试。这是一个 300 分的量表。八年级到十二年级学生的平均成绩会上升 1 分，这取决于学科，但四年后从 233 分上升到 234 分，他们什么也没学到。原因是因为如果我学习高等数学，我就像我不知道我的乘法表，如果我不知道它并且我不知道它掌握它，我将无法进步，它最终会赶上我。在篮球比赛中也是如此，如果你说，“我有一名球员，他的各项功能 80% 都是 B 级球员”，那么他们就不会在篮球比赛中得一分

cuz they're going to miss the pass. They're going to lose a dribble. It's just there's too many things you have to put in sequence. And you put all those things in sequence, right, around education, and that's it. And before we just didn't have the system. Now an an AI tutor can sit there and be like, I know exactly what you know, right? I can give you an assessment. I I can know exactly what you know, what you don't know. I can give you a lesson personalized to you that says you need this lesson and then I give it to you and then I'm going to hit you to mastery. I'm going to keep you in that loop

因为他们会错过通行证。他们将会失去一次运球机会。只是有太多的事情需要按顺序排列。你把所有这些事情按顺序排列，围绕着教育，就是这样。而之前我们只是没有这个系统。现在，人工智能导师可以坐在那里说，我完全知道你所知道的，对吧？我可以给你一个评估。我可以确切地知道你知道什么，不知道什么。我可以给你上一堂针对你的个性化课程，告诉你你需要这堂课，然后我会给你它，然后我会让你掌握。我会让你一直在这个循环中

to mastery and then your mastery. Now I'm like I'm going to let you go on to the next one. Last year, right, we starting open lots of campuses and you know, we're high-end private school. So we had, you know, these are kids coming from $50,000 private school. These are our best schools in the country. They're coming from the average student when they transferred into alpha and took our assessment test were 2.2 grade levels behind. And what does that mean? I got in front of all the parents, you know, and I'm like, look, two, this means two things. First, don't freak out. You are going to freak out cuz we're about to send you the scores. And it's going to show that your eighth grader can't answer some sixth grade questions, some fifth grade questions even. And when it got to writing, like it was even lower because everybody's been using chatbt to write their papers. And so you're going to freak out because you're like, "Oh my god, my kids two grade levels behind or three grade levels behind." But you're thinking that takes like 200 hours, 180 school days, right? And all this. Our average student can do an entire grade level, one subject between 20 and 30 hours in K through 8. 20 to 30 hours. Back to the 10 times.

掌握，然后是你的掌握。现在我想让你继续下一篇。去年，我们开始开设很多校园，你知道，我们是高端私立学校。所以我们有，你知道，这些孩子来自价值 50,000 美元的私立学校。这些是我们国家最好的学校。他们来自普通学生，当他们转入 alpha 并参加我们的评估测试时落后 2.2 个年级水平。这意味着什么？我站在所有家长面前，你知道，我想，看，两个，这意味着两件事。首先，不要惊慌。你会吓坏的，因为我们即将向你发送分数。这将表明你的八年级学生无法回答一些六年级的问题，甚至一些五年级的问题。当谈到写作时，它甚至更低，因为每个人都在使用 chatbt 来写论文。所以你会吓坏了，因为你会想，“天哪，我的孩子落后两个年级或三个年级。”但您认为这需要大约 200 小时、180 个教学日，对吗？还有这一切。我们的普通学生可以完成整个年级的学习，K 中的一门科目需要 20 到 30 小时到 8。20 到 30 小时。回到 10 次。

So they can catch up.

这样他们就能赶上。

Do an hour a day of homework to catch up. and you're 3 years behind. That's 90 days. The most positive use case if you said, you know, what's the number one thing we could use AI for? It's not giving kids chatbots that's going to work. It's giving them an individualized lesson plan based on their level to catch them up to grade level. And that would be the single best thing we could do to fix education in America. Let's talk about motivation and why it matters. And if you take an eighth grader, you can't go put them in third grade classes,

每天做一个小时的作业来跟上进度。而你却落后了 3 年。那是 90 天。如果你说，最积极的用例是，你知道，我们可以使用人工智能做的第一件事是什么？给孩子们提供有用的聊天机器人是行不通的。它根据他们的水平为他们提供个性化的课程计划，以帮助他们达到年级水平。这将是我们为改善美国教育所能做的最好的事情。让我们谈谈动机及其重要性。如果你招收八年级学生，你就不能把他们分到三年级班级，

right? And if you leave him in an eighth grade class, he can't learn. She can't learn.

正确的？如果你把他留在八年级的班级，他就无法学习。她学不会。

And so we have this system where it's it's not the teacher's fault. Like I I have to teach eighth grade material. I I I'm not teaching the third and fourth grade stuff and the fifth grade stuff. And so this is where if we gave these person individualized lessons, right? AI could generate individualized lessons for everybody in America. And we could then go catch them up because it's not that hard. It doesn't take that many hours. It takes lots of hours when you're teaching years ahead of their capability. It it's 20 to 30 hours per grade level if they're motivated. And that's the problem with edtech when we talk about that of when we talk about motivation's 90%.

所以我们有这个系统，这不是老师的错。就像我一样，我必须教八年级的材料。我我我不教三四年级和五年级的东西。因此，这就是我们为这些人提供个性化课程的地方，对吧？人工智能可以为美国每个人提供个性化的课程。然后我们就可以去追上他们，因为这并不难。不需要那么多小时。当你的教学超出他们的能力数年时，需要花费大量的时间。如果他们有动力的话，每个年级可以花 20 到 30 个小时。当我们谈论 90% 的动机时，这就是教育科技的问题。

When [snorts] we design our schools, we are like we need to design a school that they love so that even when it's hard and they don't like the subject, look when you love a subject it's all easy, right? Like we don't have to worry about those problems, right? They solve themselves. You're like, "What about the STEM kid who doesn't want to read the book, right, and doesn't like it?" Or vice versa, I have the arts theater middle schooler who's like, "I can't do math." How do we get them to do that? And that's why we say motivation is 90% of the problem or the solution because you have to be able to motivate the person to engage with these personalized lessons to learn it. And the first step that we do on that is we show them it's tractable. When you're like, I'm three years behind, you're like, I'm out. It's too far. I'm a year behind. I'm too It's too much work. When you're like, you're 22 hours behind. It's 22 hours a day. Totally different message.

当[哼哼]我们设计我们的学校时，我们就像我们需要设计一所他们喜欢的学校，这样即使这很困难并且他们不喜欢这个学科，但当你喜欢一个学科时，这一切都很容易，对吗？好像我们不必担心这些问题，对吧？他们自己解决。你会说，“那些不想读这本书，也不喜欢它的 STEM 孩子怎么办？”反之亦然，我有一个艺术剧院的中学生，他会说，“我不会数学。”我们如何让他们这样做？这就是为什么我们说动机是问题或解决方案的 90%，因为你必须能够激励人们参与这些个性化课程来学习它。我们要做的第一步就是向他们展示它是易于处理的。当你说，我落后了三年，你就会说，我出局了。太远了。我落后一年了我也是，作业太多了当你这样的时候，你就晚了 22 小时。一天是 22 小时。完全不同的消息。

It's just a completely different message.

这只是一个完全不同的消息。

We are taking kids who are years behind

我们正在带走落后多年的孩子

and catching them up because they see it and say, "I can do an hour of homework a day to go to go fix that problem."

并赶上他们，因为他们看到了并说：“我可以每天做一个小时的作业来解决这个问题。”

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我想稍微休息一下并感谢我们的赞助商之一 Element。 Element 是一种电解质饮料，它拥有您需要的一切，却没有您不需要的东西。这意味着电解质、钠、镁和钾的比例都正确，但不含糖。适当的水合作用对于大脑和身体功能至关重要。即使是轻微程度的脱水，也会降低您的认知和身体表现。获得充足的电解质也很重要。电解质（钠、镁和钾）对于体内所有细胞（尤其是神经元或神经细胞）的功能至关重要。 Drinking Element 可以轻松确保您获得足够的水分和电解质。我的日子往往开始得很快，这意味着我必须立即投入工作或立即锻炼。因此，为了确保我有足够的水分和足够的电解质，当我早上第一次醒来时，我会喝 16 至 32 盎司的水，其中溶解有元素包。我还在进行任何体育锻炼时饮用溶解在水中的元素，尤其是在炎热的日子里，当我大量出汗并失去水分和电解质时。 Element 有很多美味的口味。事实上，我爱他们所有人。我喜欢西瓜、覆盆子、柑橘，而且我真的很喜欢柠檬水的味道。因此，如果您想尝试 Element，可以访问 Drinkelement.com/huberman，购买任何商品即可领取免费的 Element 样品包。再次强调，请访问 Drinkelement.com/huberman 索取免费样品包。在我看来，你所描述的真正美妙的功能之一也是消除了羞耻成分，对吗？就像在这里，我们正在思考和谈论学生，不是因为我们打算这样做，而是像这些喜欢代数差距的普通年轻女性、年轻男性一样，他们将学习代数。但这里有一个完整的社会心理背景。我想稍微谈一下这一点，因为当你解释阿尔法学校时，我看到并在某种程度上记住了很多时候我或其他人要么不跟上，要么领先或无聊。我的意思是，我认为我们都经历过处于不同的位置。

Exactly. Like if every kid is behind in something and and or most every kid is behind in something, the idea that you're 22 hours behind in something that that that can be that gap can be made up not in total isolation

确切地。就像如果每个孩子在某件事上落后了，或者大多数孩子在某件事上落后了，那么你在某件事上落后了 22 小时，那么这个差距是可以弥补的，而不是完全孤立的

but not with peers observing,

但在同行观察下，

right?

正确的？

I have a friend, he's he's a brilliant and very successful musician. Yeah. and he describes an experience in the sixth grade where he got called to the board to do math and he's dyslexic and he wrote his seven backwards and the whole class laughed and he told another friend of mine they went to elementary school together maybe that was middle school but this was in the East Bay California and he said what happened and this older kid said well if you think sixth grade is hard seventh grade is like way harder and you know he told himself at that moment he was terrible at math turns out he's brilliant in music and he's actually exceptional in math because music and math

我有一个朋友，他是一位才华横溢且非常成功的音乐家。是的。他描述了六年级的一次经历，当时他被叫到董事会做数学，他有诵读困难，他倒着写了七，全班都笑了，他告诉我的另一个朋友，他们一起上小学，也许那是中学，但这是在加州东湾，他说了发生的事情，这个大孩子说得很好，如果你认为六年级很难，七年级就更难了，你知道他当时告诉自己，他数学很糟糕，结果他在音乐方面很出色，而且他在音乐方面实际上很出色。数学因为音乐和数学

very much

非常

certain music is very mathematical. So these key moments in people's childhood getting picked last for the kickball team or what like you hear these I'm not trying to diminish those examples but the psychological component is something that really gets embedded in people

某些音乐非常数学化。因此，人们童年时期的这些关键时刻最后被选为踢球队的人，或者像你听到的那样，我并不是想淡化这些例子，但心理因素确实根植于人们的内心。

and it can set their trajectory it you know off from from finding their frontier in a major way. So what you're describing is really wonderful because assuming the digital tutor

它可以设定他们的轨迹，你可以从很大程度上找到他们的边界。所以你所描述的真的很棒，因为假设数字导师

is not shaming the student,

没有羞辱学生，

right?

正确的？

That's a wonderful thing. They can go, "Oh god, I don't know this thing. I need to go learn this thing." And can do it, make up the the gap, and you're done.

这是一件美妙的事情。他们可以说，“天啊，我不知道这个东西。我需要去学习这个东西。”并且能做到，弥补差距，就大功告成了。

You are 100% right. And let's let's talk about motivation is 90% of the solution. And so let's talk, you had talked before of like what are bad standards that we have

你是 100%正确的。我们来谈谈动机是 90% 的解决方案。那么让我们谈谈，您之前曾谈到过我们的不良标准是什么

when we talk about things. We talk about you learn twice as much in two hours a day because that's independent of your starting position which is a critical part of our motivation which is to this no shaming which is when when we're sitting there saying you're learning twice as much. It's that eighth grader who needs to be in third grade material. First off he's getting lessons nobody knows he's in third grade material. It's he's learning twice as much. It's showing his rate of lesson learning. And so for them, all our students are like, I don't care where I am because I'm getting my points, right? My our motivational model based on wherever I started from and back to if I'm learning 2x, eventually I catch up to the norm. Now, that's something in our school system that's very bad, which is we measure our schools based on achievement. And I think this is like one of the big problems we have where this school is below level. There's two dimensions. Are kids at grade level and how fast are they learning? So, we should be looking at the slope of the line.

当我们谈论事情时。我们说你每天两个小时学到的东西是你的两倍，因为这与你的起始位置无关，这是我们动机的关键部分，对此毫不羞耻，当我们坐在那里说你学到的东西是原来的两倍时。那个八年级学生需要三年级的材料。首先，他正在上一些没人知道他在读三年级材料的课程。他学到的东西是原来的两倍。这显示了他的学习率。所以对于他们来说，我们所有的学生都会说，我不在乎我在哪里，因为我得到了我的分数，对吗？我的动机模型基于我从哪里开始和回到哪里，如果我学习 2 倍，最终我会赶上标准。现在，我们的学校系统中有一个非常糟糕的事情，那就是我们根据成绩来衡量我们的学校。我认为这就像我们这所学校所面临的大问题之一。有两个维度。孩子们处于年级水平吗？他们学习的速度有多快？因此，我们应该关注直线的斜率。

You got to look at You got to look at both obviously, but but yes, if the slope's enough, they're eventually going to get there. And you should measure a school based on the rate of learning and the slope of the line, the growth rate, not its achievement. This is why everybody talks about selection effects. And if you want to go into that, which is, oh, good schools are just selection effects. If I just go get all the best kids, then duh, they're the best. And so, my my scores are the highest. What we should be measuring schools on is development. Schools are supposed to develop kids,

显然，你必须看看两者，但是，是的，如果坡度足够，他们最终会到达那里。你应该根据学习率和线的斜率、增长率来衡量一所学校，而不是它的成就。这就是为什么每个人都谈论选择效应。如果你想深入探讨这一点，那就是，哦，好学校只是选择效应。如果我去招收所有最好的孩子，那么呃，他们就是最好的。所以，我的分数是最高的。我们衡量学校的标准应该是发展。学校应该培养孩子，

right? not just select them. And that's why we use growth rate 2x in two hours because it doesn't matter where you are. We believe a school's job is to accelerate their growth on lots of dimensions, whether it's academic or life skills as much as you can and to measure that. And that's what parents should look at, which is put your kid in an environment where they're going to grow and where they're going to grow at a rate that is independent of their starting location. Because to your point, everybody has strengths and weaknesses. and I'm the great academic who's not good on the life skills or the social skills or vice versa. I'm the theater kid and kids frontier is great across all of them. We have to untap it. And when you talk about motivation, one of the elements that we always talk about is you know what our guides do like what do our adults do? Kids have blocks. I can't do that. I'm not that kind of person.

正确的？不仅仅是选择它们。这就是为什么我们使用两小时内增长率 2 倍的原因，因为无论你在哪里。我们相信，学校的工作是在许多方面加速他们的成长，无论是学术还是生活技能，并尽可能地对其进行衡量。这就是父母应该关注的，那就是将你的孩子放在一个他们将要成长的环境中，并且他们将以独立于他们的起始地点的速度成长。因为就你而言，每个人都有优点和缺点。我是一位伟大的学者，但不擅长生活技能或社交技能，反之亦然。我是剧院的孩子，孩子们的前沿在他们所有人中都很棒。我们必须解锁它。当你谈论动机时，我们总是谈论的要素之一是你知道我们的导游喜欢做什么？孩子们有积木。我不能那样做。我不是那样的人。

I'm not good at that.

我不擅长这个。

I'm not good at that. And a job of a school and the job of an educator is to break that block. It's to crush that block and show the kid that's not a true statement. You're awesome at that. And when you think about teachers, like let's talk about teachers cuz our schools are going to are full of teachers. They're always going to be full of teachers. AI is not going to replace the role of the human because the human is the one who does sit there. We had a 100,000 people teachers apply for our roles last year. Like people want to be alpha guides. And the reason, think of this, the best teacher you had, like everybody remembers the one or two teachers who changed their life. It wasn't because they marked up your paper really well. That wasn't what did it for them. It was because you had some block. They saw you and they convinced you you could do so much more. They removed that block. That's what our guides just do every day. They're like, "Where's the block on this kid and how do I remove it?" So part of it is how do you set a system up where just the learning system itself is not based on achievement. It's based on growth rate and so 2x in two hours as as a mechanism. The other is what motivations do you have to blow through the blocks? We have a set of three girls who when they were in middle school, they would have been considered well they were they are arts theater girls, you know, and there's an epidemic in America of middle school girls who are like, I'm not good at math and science and they just have this block and it's cultural and you read on TikTok that, right? And all these things and so they they just believe it's, you know, they can't do it. It's just not a true statement, right? The brain I make them go, you know, go find me the learning science paper that shows middle school girls can't learn math science. There are none of those. they can learn this math science and it's middle school level right back to their frontier. And so what we did is we figure out what's the motivation that will get them there. And my daughter was one of those girls when she was in middle school. And when she came in, she's like, I'm not a top 1%, you know, math science girl and I'm not going to, you know, that's just not who I am. And I was like, well, I do know you love to shop. I bet you a thousand bucks you can't get to top 1%. and she like filled her shopping cart with, you know, the $1,000 and every day she went and did the science problems and she got to top 1%. We use aggressive motivational

我不擅长这个。学校和教育工作者的工作就是打破这个障碍。这是为了粉碎那个障碍并向孩子表明这不是一个真实的陈述。你在这方面太棒了。当你想到教师时，我们来谈谈教师，因为我们的学校将充满教师。他们总是挤满了老师。人工智能不会取代人类的角色，因为人类才是坐在那里的人。去年，我们有 100,000 名教师申请我们的职位。就像人们想成为阿尔法向导一样。原因是，想想这个，你拥有的最好的老师，就像每个人都记得那一两个改变他们生活的老师一样。这并不是因为他们对你的论文做了很好的标记。那不是为他们做的。那是因为你有一些障碍。他们看到了你，并让你相信你可以做得更多。他们移除了那个块。这就是我们的导游每天所做的事情。他们会问，“这个孩子身上的障碍在哪里，我该如何消除它？”因此，其中一部分是如何建立一个系统，使学习系统本身不以成就为基础。它基于增长率，因此作为一种机制，两小时内增长 2 倍。另一个是你有什么动力去冲破障碍？我们有一组三个女孩，她们在中学的时候，如果她们是艺术剧院的女孩，她们会被认为很好，你知道，在美国，有一种流行的中学生女孩会说，我不擅长数学和科学，她们只是有这个障碍，这是文化，你在 TikTok 上读到过，对吗？所有这些事情，所以他们只是相信，你知道，他们做不到。这不是一个真实的陈述，对吧？我让他们走的大脑，你知道的，去给我找一份学习科学论文，该论文表明中学生无法学习数学科学。这些都没有。他们可以学习数学科学，这是中学水平，又回到了他们的前沿。所以我们所做的就是弄清楚让他们到达那里的动机是什么。我女儿上中学时就是其中之一。当她进来时，她说，我不是前 1%，你知道，数学科学女孩，我不会，你知道，那不是我。我当时想，好吧，我知道你喜欢购物。我跟你打一千块钱你也进不了前 1%。她喜欢在她的购物车里塞满 1,000 美元，每天她都会去做科学题，然后她就进入了前 1%。我们使用积极的激励

to break through things like we will pay kids straight up and that's a controversial thing.

突破一些事情，比如我们直接付钱给孩子，这是一件有争议的事情。

Tell me more about that.

告诉我更多相关信息。

Yeah, let's talk about So,

是的，我们来谈谈所以，

nothing controversial on this podcast.

这个播客没有什么争议。

So, we'll pay $1,000. So, we're like, "Yeah, we'll give you $1,000 to get to top 1%." When kids go to alpha, we will pay them $1,000 to get to top 1%. because we want to show them you can all get top 1%. There's a whole lot of things and you get into self-determination theory and does it kill motivation. It doesn't and we can that there's a whole another debate about that but just in our world it doesn't and we believe the research shows why and we can get into it but how I would term it is these kids have a block that they can't do it. You do whatever you can including paying them to break through the block. they then see themselves as a different person

所以，我们将支付 1,000 美元。所以，我们会说，“是的，我们会给你 1,000 美元，让你进入前 1%。”当孩子们进入 alpha 阶段时，我们将向他们支付 1,000 美元以进入前 1%。因为我们想向他们展示你们都可以进入前 1%。有很多事情，当你陷入自我决定理论时，它会扼杀动力吗？事实并非如此，我们可以对此进行另一场争论，但就在我们的世界中，事实并非如此，我们相信研究表明了原因，我们可以参与其中，但我如何形容这些孩子有一个障碍，他们无法做到这一点。你会尽你所能，包括付钱给他们来突破障碍。然后他们将自己视为另一个人

which then creates the intrinsic motivation going forward. So I'll take my daughter as that example. You know actually I my wife and I were arguing about this a you're setting a higher standard right to top 1% and two you're paying for it. You know my wife wasn't as excited about that after uh my daughter hit it. She went in she's like mom I know you didn't like this. You need to understand it's changed how I see myself. I didn't think I was as smart as my older sister, but now I realize I can do everything she can do if I just put the effort in. And I'm going to bod, but um it's a beautiful example.

然后创造前进的内在动力。所以我就以我女儿为例。你知道，实际上我和我的妻子正在争论这个问题，一是你为前 1% 设定了更高的标准，二是你为此付出了代价。你知道，在我女儿击球后，我妻子对此并不那么兴奋。她进去了，就像妈妈一样，我知道你不喜欢这样。你需要明白它改变了我对自己的看法。我不认为我像我姐姐那么聪明，但现在我意识到，只要我付出努力，我就能做她能做的一切。我会说，但嗯，这是一个很好的例子。

It's that when you putting things through the loop, try hard things. Get them through that motivation. Whatever it takes, have them see themselves because they experienced is as capable. Have a kindergartener climb a 40ft rock wall. Have a middle school girl say, "I can be top 1%." those three middle school arts theater girls all got 790 math SATs. Didn't have to pay them on that. They are like, "Oh, I guess I can do math and I'm able to to go there." And so this concept of showing kids they're capable and breaking through whatever their blocks are, whether it's the academic or the life skill side is is the unlock, right? Back to growth. That is what growth is. And kids will do hard things. They'll grind through it, right? And sometimes you have to decide what the what the motivation is. And even if they're not intrinsically motivated on it, they're not intrinsically motivated because they see it as too hard and that's not who they are. And so you are figuring out how do I get you through that? It's that same in athletics. I'm not a soccer player. How do I get you to do the drills? How do I get the reps? And so we we talk about money on two things on one when you're trying to get them to do something hard and break through and second to do the daily habits where if I can get the reps in then I'm going to build a good habit. And so here's another place where we pay. This was one of my hardest problems my first year. So four years ago, you know, I came in as principal and I'm like, okay, to these seventh graders, I'm like, you could all get a 100red on the Texas Star, our state test. And these kids are like, that's impossible, Mr. Leont. And I have to teach them to hole fill though to do it cuz it's correct. They can't today. There's no chance they can get one today. But I need them to go backward and do the third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, right? whatever wherever they had holes in their knowledge to get them up to mastery cuz they they had mastery gaps. I then went to their parents. I'm like, you know, we need to go do hole filling with your kid. They don't know this material. Seventh graders don't want to go back in fourth grade. Parents want it even less. American parents have been told my kid always has to be at grade level as an educational philosophy and that's just the learning science does not support that. But I couldn't convince them. And it's a motivation problem now cuz I have the kid and the parents are like, "We're not doing it." And I'm like, I can't fix that then if I don't get if I don't get those holes filled. I can't fix this.

就是当你把事情经历循环时，要尝试困难的事情。让他们通过这种动机。无论如何，让他们看到自己，因为他们经历过同样有能力。让一名幼儿园儿童攀爬 40 英尺高的岩壁。让一位中学生说：“我可以成为前 1%。”这三个中学艺术剧院女孩的 SAT 数学成绩都达到了 790 分。不必为此付钱给他们。他们就像，“哦，我想我可以做数学，我可以去那里。”因此，向孩子们展示他们的能力并突破他们的任何障碍（无论是学术方面还是生活技能方面）的概念是解锁的，对吧？回到增长。这就是成长。孩子们会做困难的事情。他们会克服它的，对吗？有时你必须决定动机是什么。即使他们没有内在的动机，他们也没有内在的动机，因为他们认为这太难了，而他们不是这样的人。所以你正在考虑我该如何帮助你度过难关？在田径运动中也是如此。我不是足球运动员。我怎样才能让你做练习呢？我如何获得代表？因此，我们在两件事上谈论金钱，一是当你试图让他们做一些困难的事情并取得突破时，二是养成日常习惯，如果我能让代表参与进来，那么我就会养成一个好习惯。这是我们付款的另一个地方。这是我第一年遇到的最难的问题之一。所以四年前，你知道，我担任校长，我想，好吧，对于这些七年级学生，我想，你们都可以在我们州的德克萨斯之星测试中得到 100 分。这些孩子就像，这是不可能的，莱昂特先生。我必须教他们填补漏洞，因为这是正确的。他们今天不能。今天他们没有机会得到一个。但我需要他们向后退，做第三、第四、第五、第六、第七，对吗？无论他们在知识上有什么漏洞，都无法让他们掌握，因为他们有掌握差距。然后我就去找他们的父母。我想，你知道，我们需要和你的孩子一起填补漏洞。他们不知道这种材料。七年级学生不想回到四年级。父母更不想要它。美国父母被告知我的孩子必须始终处于年级水平作为一种教育理念，但学习科学并不支持这一点。但我无法说服他们。现在这是一个动机问题，因为我有了孩子，而父母的反应是，“我们不这样做。”我想，如果我不填补这些漏洞，我就无法解决这个问题。我无法解决这个问题。

So I went to the kids directly and I was like, you can get a 100red on the seventh grade. And they're like, no, you can't. And I'm like, well, I'll give you a hundred bucks if you get 100. 100 for 100. So we created 100 for They're like, that's still impossible. I I still can't do that. I was like, no, no, we have a catch. Any grade level. And they're like, "I can take a kindergarten test and you're going to give me a hundred bucks." And I'm like, "Well, the Texas Star starts in the third grade." And they're like, "I'm in." And they take the third grade test and get 100 bucks cuz they got 100 on. And they take the fourth grade test and get another 100 bucks. Then they take the fifth grade test and get an 85. And I'm like, "Do you want the AI to generate those lessons you missed so you can get a 100?" And they're like, "Let me see how many that is." And they're like, "I can do that this week. Sure." Then they get 100. and then sixth grade and then seventh grade and that's an example of we have to fulfill I [clears throat] have huge blocks society kids parents nobody wants to do what the learning science says you pay the kid 100 bucks per lesson per grade level

所以我直接去找孩子们，我想，你可以在七年级得到 100red。他们说，不，你不能。我想，好吧，如果你得到 100，我就给你 100 美元。100 换 100。所以我们创造了 100，因为他们就像，这仍然是不可能的。我还是做不到。我当时想，不，不，我们有一个问题。任何年级。他们会说，“我可以参加幼儿园考试，你就给我一百美元。”我想，“好吧，德克萨斯之星从三年级开始。”他们就像，“我参加了。”他们参加三年级考试并获得 100 美元，因为他们考了 100 美元。他们参加四年级考试，还能得到另外 100 美元。然后他们参加五年级考试，得到 85 分。我想，“你想让人工智能生成你错过的那些课程，这样你就能得到 100 分吗？”他们就像，“让我看看有多少。”他们会说，“我这周就能做到。当然。”然后他们得到 100。然后是六年级，然后是七年级，这是我们必须实现的一个例子我[清嗓子]有巨大的障碍社会孩子父母没有人愿意做学习科学所说的事情你付给孩子每个年级每节课 100 美元

and you know sure third and fourth grade that $200 was wasted but we could go fix our problems for 500 bucks for a,000 bucks we spend $20,000 per kid in American education standard schools public schools Private schools. Yeah. Public The average public school spends $20,000 per kid per year.

你肯定知道，三年级和四年级，200 美元被浪费了，但我们可以用 500 美元来解决我们的问题，而我们在美国教育标准学校、公立学校、私立学校为每个孩子花费 20,000 美元，花 000 美元。是的。公立 公立学校平均每年为每个孩子花费 20,000 美元。

Per year.

每年。

Yeah. Per year.

是的。每年。

So $240,000. We spend a4 million educating a kid. I'm like, let's take all those middle schoolers and pay them a,000 bucks to get to top 1% or let's take all those seventh graders and pay them 500 bucks to fill their holes. By law, actually, public schools can't give out cash to kids.

那么 24 万美元。我们花了 400 万来教育一个孩子。我想，让我们给所有那些中学生付 1000 美元，让他们进入前 1%，或者让我们让所有七年级学生付给他们 500 美元来填补他们的空缺。实际上，根据法律规定，公立学校不能向孩子们发放现金。

How does that law get changed?

该法律如何改变？

Exactly. How do we change that law?

确切地。我们如何改变该法律？

And what's the proxy? What's the other proxy I can give them that they really want? Instead, they pay on the back end when they go out into society and hit a wall,

代理是什么？我可以给他们真正想要的其他代理是什么？相反，当他们走向社会并碰壁时，他们会在后端付出代价，

right? It's the societal optimal thing is just to pay the kid. There's parents don't a lot of people don't like the whole pay cash stuff. I get a lot of flack from my own alpha parents about it, but it's super effective when that's needed. Now, if everybody wanted to fill, I wouldn't have to do this. And if everybody understood how important it was, you probably wouldn't. Whole filling is master the basics. Go back. You're not good at dribbling.

正确的？社会最优的做法就是付钱给孩子。很多人的父母不喜欢现金支付。我受到了我自己的阿尔法父母的很多批评，但在需要的时候它非常有效。现在，如果每个人都想填补，我就不必这样做。如果每个人都明白它的重要性，你可能就不会明白。整个灌装是掌握基础知识。回去。你不擅长运球。

Let's go back and work on your dribbling skills. That's the sign of a good coach. The shift in self-perception piece is is the most important, right? Because because we were talking about the importance of the slope of the line as well as meeting standards, but ultimately it's that recognition

让我们回去练习一下你的运球技巧。这是一个好教练的标志。自我认知的转变是最重要的，对吧？因为我们谈论的是线的斜率以及满足标准的重要性，但最终是这种认识

I can do hard things.

我可以做困难的事情。

Yes.

是的。

Or maybe that that phrase should be changed. Maybe it should be I can do what I thought were hard things. If it's delivered to me in the correct context and the correct way, I can learn. I've spent a lot of time on this podcast over the last whatever six years trying to convince people to get morning sunlight and hydrate and like exercise and then I try and teach them neuroplasticity and I try and not go too deep but there's this great Max Delbrook saying I think it was Max Delbrook which was assume zero knowledge and infinite intelligence the dirty secret is there isn't infinite intelligence right but there's always some place where somebody has zero knowledge and what you're saying is the motivation piece is really the recognition that learning in one context

或者也许应该更改该短语。也许应该是我可以做我认为困难的事情。如果它以正确的上下文和正确的方式传递给我，我就可以学习。在过去的六年里，我花了很多时间在这个播客上，试图说服人们接受早晨的阳光、水分和喜欢锻炼，然后我尝试教他们神经可塑性，我试着不去太深入，但有一位伟大的马克斯·德尔布鲁克说，我认为是马克斯·德尔布鲁克假设零知识和无限的智力，肮脏的秘密是，没有无限的智力，但总有一些地方有人知识为零，你所说的动机部分实际上是认识到在一个人中学习上下文

has some similarity ities to learning in other contexts like it's going to hurt a little bit but we don't have to make it hurt a lot

与在其他环境中学习有一些相似之处，比如它会有点伤害，但我们不必让它伤害很大

correct

正确的

if it's delivered correctly and forgive me I want to seems like a tangent but like being the child of at least one parent who's a first generation immigrant I was told my entire life how lucky I was you were born at this time you're in the United States you went to the best public schools you know one of the best public schools in the country you know it's true I didn't make as much of it as I could have or should have but eventually I like to think I made up there's probably still a few gaps maybe I'll go back Point being, I was told by my European uh relatives, you know, in in many countries in Europe, it's just thought like you're good at something or you're not good at something and your life trajectory is kind of set. That might be changing now, but the United States has always had this idea that you can become anything, right? But I do think as beautiful as the Spud wet examples are, right, this quite shorter guy winning the Slend competition, the NBA, it sends a complicated message, which is how hard should we grind, right? Like I think at the root of almost everything we're talking about today is what should our attitude about suffering? Yeah.

如果表达得正确的话，请原谅我，我想看起来有点离题，但就像是至少有一个第一代移民的父母的孩子，我一生都被告知，我是多么幸运，你出生在这个时候，你在美国，你上过最好的公立学校，你知道这个国家最好的公立学校之一，你知道，这是真的，我没有得到我本可以或应该得到的那么多，但最终我想我弥补了，可能还有一些差距，也许我要回去的是，我的欧洲呃亲戚告诉我，你知道，在欧洲的许多国家，人们只是认为你擅长某件事或不擅长某事，你的人生轨迹是固定的。现在情况可能正在改变，但美国一直有这样的想法：你可以成为任何人，对吧？但我确实认为，尽管 Spud 湿漉漉的例子很漂亮，对吧，这个相当矮的家伙赢得了 Slend 比赛，NBA，它传递了一个复杂的信息，那就是我们应该多么努力地磨练，对吧？我认为我们今天谈论的几乎所有事情的根源都是我们对苦难应该采取什么态度？是的。

Because are what we talking about here learning to suffer to get fill in gaps and get better. everyone re meets a very high standard or what we talking about here is there's a different way where actually the suffering is minimal so maybe we could just talk for a moment about suffering sure and forget what we believe in the United States or in Europe or anywhere else and just think what is

因为我们在这里谈论的是学习忍受痛苦以填补空白并变得更好。每个人都达到了非常高的标准，或者我们在这里谈论的是有一种不同的方式，实际上痛苦是最小的，所以也许我们可以只谈论一下痛苦，忘记我们在美国或欧洲或其他任何地方的信仰，只考虑什么是痛苦

your framework to suffering because most successful people think yeah I did hard things I can do hard things you want to pass that on to everybody

你的痛苦框架，因为大多数成功人士认为，是的，我做了困难的事情，我可以做困难的事情，你想把它传递给每个人

yes

是的

but I'm not sure that's the best message

但我不确定这是最好的信息

and as much as I love the David Gogggins examples He's sat right in this chair where you're at. It's one of our most viewed episodes and those are beautiful examples. Most people aren't willing to suffer, right?

尽管我很喜欢大卫·戈金斯的例子，但他就坐在你所在的椅子上。这是我们观看次数最多的剧集之一，这些都是美丽的例子。大多数人都不愿意受苦，对吗？

And maybe suffering isn't the best way to learn for most people. If I can teach you something and it doesn't require suffering,

对于大多数人来说，也许苦难并不是最好的学习方式。如果我能教你一些东西并且不需要受苦

that's better than requiring suffering. If I can teach it to you and you just can learn it and it's easy, we should teach you as much that way as we can

这比需要受苦要好。如果我可以教你，而你也能学会，而且很简单，我们就应该尽可能多地教你

and get you through that. Now, back to suffering. When is suffering good? When do people want to suffer or when do they suffer? They suffer when they're doing things that they care about. And this goes back to motivation. When you talk to people who say, "I have the greatest job in the world." There's a lot of suffering in that job. And they are happy and they are fulfilled and they are excited. There are students who are very motivated academically who suffer and struggle through it because it's doing something. There's no athlete who said, "Yeah, I just I never had to struggle. I never had to suffer." That's not true. But I did it in purpose of something. I was able to do the struggle because I was trying to hit my goals. And if you look at education, how we look at it, K through five fundamentally is kids are just trying to make their parents happy. So if their parents say this, they follow their parents lead in K through 5. As soon as they hit middle and high school, it changes, right? It's social. Dr. Joerger's whole book is middle and high school is about being accepted by the tribe, right? And socialization where and why there was always rights of passage and such where why a 10-year-old would never do anything to make their parent upset at 15 they'll do something they know their parent hates if it gets them street credit or social acceptance. And so what you have to decide for parents is starting in middle school and there's a great book called um self-driven child that alpha parents read that you have basically six years right or seven years in middle and high school where you're trying to decide one of two things. Are you trying to unlock your kids potential or impose your value system on them? And parents are trying to do sort of both. They're like I think this is what matters. And a lot of the suffering that is ineffective in education is the kids's just like, I'm not into this and you can push me as far as you want and all I'm going to do is push back harder and you have that dynamic. If instead you lean into things the kid loves, right, or they're focused on, they'll do incredibly hard things. And then I believe it's the educational systems design of well how do you put those two things together so we can do both where they learn the hard things that are important but they also get to be doing the things they love. And so let's take an example back to motivation is my biggest issue and it's 90% of my solution. We have a sports academy where we have kids who are years and years behind academically bottom 25% in the country. We'll be the largest recipient of vouchers in Texas for families who make less than $65,000. And we have a set of kids, we have over a thousand of them, who aren't excited about academics, aren't excited about struggling in academics, haven't done academics basically for years, middle and high school age. And they're in our schools learning faster than the best private schools in the country. They're learning two hours, 2x in 2 hours. And you're like, how do you get them to do that hard thing? How are you getting them to do that? Well, first you make the learning as easy as possible for them in that don't take that eighth grader age- wise and put them in eighth grade material when he he his knowledge grade is third grade and fourth grade and fifth grade. Don't do that. That's that's impossible. That's not hard. That's not doable. So give him third, fourth or fifth grade lessons, which our individualized lesson gives it. So he's like, "Oh, this is now doable. It went from impossible to doable. Now I still have to spend the two hours. I have to grind through it. I have to learn my multiplication tables. I never did. And so we give them the ability to do that. And in our system for the first time, they're actually in a lesson that's not too hard or not too easy. It's right for them. But then ah I come I'm I'm not into education. I don't see what what's important about it. What drives it? Well, you know what drives motivation is at noon if they do the 2x in 2 hours. If the AI says, "You've learned enough today because you're on track for 2x of two hours. You get to play basketball." So, I have a school, high school in Dallas. Germaine O'Neal, the sixtime NBA All-Star is the is head of the school. I get to go practice. They're the number one basketball team in the country. And those kids are like, "Yeah, I guess I'm going to do the academics because I want to play basketball and I want to be on the best basketball team." We have the best baseball team in the country.

并帮助你度过难关。现在，回到苦难。什么时候受苦才是好的呢？人们什么时候愿意受苦，或者什么时候他们受苦？当他们做自己关心的事情时，他们会感到痛苦。这又回到了动机。当你与那些说“我拥有世界上最棒的工作”的人交谈时。这份工作有很多痛苦。他们很高兴，他们很满足，他们很兴奋。有些学生在学业上非常有动力，但他们却因为在做某事而遭受痛苦和挣扎。没有一个运动员会说：“是的，我只是我从来不需要挣扎。我从来不需要受苦。”那不是真的。但我这样做是有目的的。我之所以能够奋斗，是因为我正在努力实现我的目标。如果你看看教育，我们如何看待它，从小学到五年级，从根本上来说，孩子们只是想让他们的父母快乐。因此，如果他们的父母这么说，他们就会跟随父母从幼儿园到五年级。一旦他们进入初中和高中，情况就会发生变化，对吗？这是社交的。乔格博士的整本书都是关于初中和高中被部落接受的，对吧？社会化总是有通行权的，为什么一个 10 岁的孩子永远不会做任何让父母不高兴的事情，15 岁时他们会做一些他们知道父母讨厌的事情，如果这能让他们获得街头信用或社会认可。所以你必须为父母做决定是从中学开始，有一本很棒的书叫《自我驱动的孩子》，阿尔法父母读过这本书，你基本上有六年的时间，或者在初中和高中的七年时间，你试图在两件事中做出决定。您是想释放孩子的潜力还是将您的价值体系强加给他们？父母们正试图两者兼顾。他们就像我认为这才是最重要的。很多教育无效的痛苦是孩子们的感受，我不喜欢这个，你可以把我推到你想要的程度，而我要做的就是更努力地反击，你就有动力。相反，如果你专注于孩子喜欢的事情，对吧，或者他们专注的事情，他们会做非常困难的事情。然后我相信这是教育系统的设计，如何将这两件事结合在一起，这样我们就可以做到这两件事，让他们学习重要的困难事情，但他们也可以做他们喜欢的事情。让我们举个例子，回到动机是我最大的问题，它是我解决方案的 90%。我们有一所体育学院，那里的孩子们在学业上落后于全国 25% 的学生。我们将成为德克萨斯州年收入低于 65,000 美元的家庭获得代金券的最大机构。我们有一群孩子，我们有一千多个孩子，他们对学术不感兴趣，对在学术上的挣扎不感兴趣，基本上已经很多年没有做过学术了，初中和高中的年龄。他们在我们学校的学习速度比全国最好的私立学校还要快。他们学习两个小时，两小时内学习两倍。你会想，如何让他们去做那件困难的事情呢？你如何让他们这样做？好吧，首先，你要让他们的学习尽可能容易，因为当他的知识等级是三年级、四年级和五年级时，不要将八年级学生的年龄放在八年级材料中。不要那样做。那是不可能的事。这并不难。那是不可能的。因此，请给他三年级、四年级或五年级的课程，这是我们的个性化课程所提供的。所以他说，“哦，这现在是可行的。它从不可能变成了可行。现在我仍然需要花两个小时。我必须磨练它。我必须学习我的乘法表。我从来没有这样做过。所以我们给了他们这样做的能力。在我们的系统中，这是第一次， 他们实际上正在上一堂不太难或不太容易的课程。这对他们来说是正确的。但后来啊，我来了，我不喜欢教育。我不明白这有什么重要的。是什么驱动它？好吧，如果他们在 2 小时内完成 2 次，你就知道中午的动力是什么。如果人工智能说：“你今天已经学得足够多了，因为你在两个小时的两倍内都在正轨上。你可以打篮球了。”所以，我在达拉斯有一所学校，高中。六届 NBA 全明星球员杰梅因·奥尼尔 (Germaine O'Neal) 是学校的校长。我得去练习了他们是全国排名第一的篮球队。那些孩子会说，“是的，我想我要去学习学业，因为我想打篮球，我想加入最好的篮球队。”我们拥有全国最好的棒球队。

So, that's the thousand bucks.

那么，这就是一千块钱。

And that's the thousand bucks. sports, you know, we're rolling this out broadly and it depends on access and how many vouchers are available and and things like this and how many they're granted, but you know, across the state of Texas, there's going to be kids who, you know, voucher are able to then say, I got this new advanced learning that's the best education you can get in America, right? The fastest, better than the best private schools. And at noon I'm going to my sports facility and I'm playing whatever sport I love and they're gated. Right? We used to do this a lot in education and back to lowering standards and change stuff. You used to have a have to have a GPA minimum to play on after school sports, right? And that drove a lot

这就是那一千块钱。体育，你知道，我们正在广泛推广这一点，这取决于获得权和有多少优惠券，以及类似的事情以及授予的数量，但你知道，在整个德克萨斯州，会有一些孩子，你知道，优惠券能够然后说，我得到了这种新的高级学习，这是你在美国可以获得的最好的教育，对吗？最快，比最好的私立学校更好。中午我会去我的体育设施，我会做我喜欢的任何运动，但它们是门禁的。正确的？我们过去在教育领域经常这样做，然后又回到降低标准和改变东西。过去你必须达到最低 GPA 才能参加课后运动，对吧？这推动了很多

that doesn't exist anymore

已经不存在了

and it that has been way watered down for a lot of reasons. And in our schools we're like no they're gated where you have to do this. You know, and one of the things because of this, back to I can't run a school that delivers this without doing hard things. On this side, it's the academics. The kids are motivated with with the sports. But, you know, one of the things it allows us to say is that if you go to one of these schools, your odds of a D1 scholarship double because every college coach in the country will tell you if I have two equivalent athletes, the one who's the great academic, who's ground, who's done hard things, I want them on my team. And that's a differentiator, right? And you're going to double your odds of getting one. So when you look at things we wake up every day on this hard and struggle and say how do we build a school kids love right love it more than vacation because that's what's going to drive them to do hard things. Now we as the adults have to develop kids and say you can't just play and do all the things you want. There's requirements. You have behavioral standards. You can't act that way. No, you don't get your cell phone sitting next to you during the academic part of the day. No cell phones. That actually changes when we get up into the upper high school because we're trying to get them ready for the real world. So K through eight, no way. As you start to get into high school, you can earn your cell phone because we have to show you out in the real world. There's going to be no one hiding it. And so you should hide it yourself, but we're not going to force it cuz we have to get you ready. But back to all these rules, adults have to set the standards for the kids. this is it. This is what's great performance. Kids want to do it. They'll go live up to them. We're not having trouble on the two hours on the academic side in the sports academy because they're doing what they love and they see, okay, this all makes sense. This seems like a fair trade. And so that's what I I believe is that kids will do hard stuff. parents, guides, adults, we need to set these high standards for the kids and they can live up to them if we're helping them be who they want to be, not just pounding them into whatever square peg we think they should be. That's the dichotomy. You know, when you talk about mental health issues in high-end elite schools, a lot of it is the kids are being pounded into a a cell they don't want where if instead you're like, I'm going to help you achieve what you want, but here's the things you have to do to be part of it. I'll give you more examples, you know, on this that we do on motivation. So, we just announced um a high school our high school program. So, we didn't we do our three commitments. Love school more than vacation. 2x in two hours. And then third, learn all the life skills you want. And we have five stacks. Leadership and teamwork, entrepreneurship and financial literacy, socialization, relationship building, storytelling, public speaking, grit, hard work. We have a stack starting in kindergarten for each one. And so when you talk about hard things, right, our grit, hard work, our kindergarteners climb rock walls. Our second graders all run a 5K. By 8th grade, you have to do a tough mutter. It's a teamwork one combo and cross the finish line at the same time as everybody which is actually the hard part in eighth grade because someone always wants to finish first but it's a teamwork and tough and so you have these standards of of grit and hard work but here's one of driving it is on our financial literacy entrepreneurship stack. We just announced and it's opening this year for the first time a high school program called founder school. It's an entrepreneurial school and its promise is you'll earn a million dollars in profit. You'll start a business, earn a million dollars of profit, or you get all your tuition back, you know, across each kid. Each kid earns a million dollars. And just life skills are trainable just like other skills, right? And you can teach grit and hard work. You can teach financial literacy. All of our kindergarteners learn how to earn, save, spend, invest, and donate. And they just start that. Financial literacy is the number one thing parents request that schools don't teach. We just start it in kindergarten. And if you go up the stacks, we have, you know, middle school kids who are running Airbnbs and launching food trucks. We have vending machines. They learn gross margin trying to what products do I put in the vending machines and how do I get it placed somewhere where I can earn money.

由于多种原因，它已经被淡化了。在我们的学校里，我们就像不一样，他们有门禁，你必须这样做。你知道，正因为如此，我无法经营一所不做困难的事情就能实现这一点的学校。这边是学者。孩子们因运动而充满动力。但是，你知道，它让我们可以说的一件事是，如果你去其中一所学校，你获得 D1 奖学金的几率就会加倍，因为全国的每一位大学教练都会告诉你，如果我有两名同等的运动员，一个是学术出色、脚踏实地、做事困难的人，我希望他们加入我的团队。这是一个差异化因素，对吧？而且你获得这个机会的几率会增加一倍。因此，当你看到我们每天在这种艰难和挣扎中醒来时，我们会说我们如何建立一所孩子们喜欢的学校，他们比假期更喜欢它，因为这会驱使他们去做困难的事情。现在，我们作为成年人必须培养孩子，并告诉他们，你不能只是玩耍和做所有你想做的事情。有要求啊你有行为标准。你不能那样做。不，在一天的学习时间里，你不会把手机放在身边。没有手机。当我们进入高中时，情况实际上会发生变化，因为我们正在努力让他们为现实世界做好准备。所以 K 到八，没办法。当您开始进入高中时，您可以赢得手机，因为我们必须向您展示现实世界。不会有人隐藏它。所以你应该自己隐藏它，但我们不会强迫它，因为我们必须让你做好准备。但回到所有这些规则，成年人必须为孩子们制定标准。就是这样。这就是伟大的表演。孩子们想做。他们会辜负他们的期望。我们在体育学院的两个小时的学术方面没有遇到麻烦，因为他们正在做他们喜欢的事情，他们看到，好吧，这一切都是有道理的。这似乎是一项公平交易。所以我相信孩子们会做困难的事情。父母、导游、成年人，我们需要为孩子们设定这些高标准，如果我们帮助他们成为他们想成为的人，而不是仅仅把他们钉在我们认为他们应该成为的任何方钉上，他们就能达到这些标准。这就是二分法。你知道，当你谈论高端精英学校的心理健康问题时，很多都是孩子们被关进他们不想要的牢房，如果你想，我会帮助你实现你想要的，但这是你必须做的事情才能成为其中的一部分。我会给你更多的例子，你知道，我们在动机方面所做的事情。所以，我们刚刚宣布了我们的高中计划。所以，我们没有履行我们的三项承诺。比起假期，更喜欢上学。两小时内 2 倍。第三，学习所有你想要的生活技能。我们有五个堆栈。领导力和团队合作、创业和金融知识、社交、建立关系、讲故事、公开演讲、毅力、努力工作。我们从幼儿园开始为每个人准备了一堆。因此，当你谈论困难的事情时，对吧，我们的勇气、努力工作，我们的幼儿园孩子们会爬上岩壁。我们二年级的学生都跑 5K。到了八年级，你必须发出艰难的咕哝声。这是一种团队合作，与每个人同时冲过终点线，这实际上是八年级的困难部分，因为有人总是想第一名，但这是一种团队合作，而且很艰难，所以你有勇气和努力工作的标准，但推动它的一个因素是我们的金融素养创业堆栈。我们刚刚宣布，今年将首次开设一个名为“创始人学校”的高中项目。这是一所创业学校及其承诺 就是你将赚取一百万美元的利润。你将开始创业，赚取一百万美元的利润，或者你知道，你可以收回每个孩子的所有学费。每个孩子都能赚到一百万美元。生活技能就像其他技能一样是可以训练的，对吗？你可以传授勇气和努力工作。您可以教授金融知识。我们所有的幼儿园学生都学习如何赚钱、储蓄、消费、投资和捐赠。他们才刚刚开始。金融知识是家长要求的第一件事，但学校却没有教授。我们从幼儿园就开始了。如果你往上看，你知道，我们有中学生在经营 Airbnb 并推出食品卡车。我们有自动售货机。他们尝试了解我在自动售货机中放入哪些产品以及如何将其放置在可以赚钱的地方，从而了解毛利率。

So cool.

[中文翻译暂缺，请以英文原文为准]

And so, but then a million dollars, but by high school, it's it's totally trainable. Alexi is helping like design the program.

所以，然后一百万美元，但到了高中，它是完全可以训练的。 Alexi 正在帮助设计程序。

Yeah. He's perfect for this.

是的。他非常适合这个。

And all the kids love him.

所有的孩子都爱他。

All the kids wear the little nose thing.

所有的孩子都戴着小鼻子的东西。

Yeah. And they all love him, right? He's like in influencer central and they they they are like he is the one who I want to learn from.

是的。他们都爱他，对吗？他就像在影响者中心一样，他们就像他是我想向他学习的人。

Very cool.

非常酷。

But for that if you go to that website go to founder school website and you look at the academic standards they are hard as hard as any school in this country. This isn't going to be creating crypto bros who are just hacking the world to make money. This school is building philosopher builders is their framework. Right? and the academics if you ask AI analyze this book list you're like it's different than a classics book list that you'd get at exit or the best schools but it's not less rigorous

但为此，如果你去那个网站，去创始人学校网站，你会看到他们的学术标准，它们和这个国家的任何学校一样严格。这不会创造出只是为了赚钱而入侵世界的加密兄弟。这所学校正在构建哲学家建设者是他们的框架。正确的？学者们，如果你让人工智能分析这个书单，你会觉得它与你在出口或最好的学校得到的经典书单不同，但它的严谨程度并不低

these kids are like I'll absolutely do all that coming in they were not thinking this is what I need you know this was my path was to crush academics but back to the standards they're like I will totally do it because I get to start a business and earn a million dollars right and I get to do what I love all the adults listening are like I want to go back to school Right. You probably hear this all the time.

这些孩子就像我绝对会做所有进来的事情，他们不认为这是我需要的，你知道这是我的道路是粉碎学术，但回到标准，他们就像我完全会这样做，因为我可以开始创业并赚到一百万美元，我可以做我喜欢的事情，所有成年人都听着就像我想回到学校一样。你可能一直听到这个。

No, it is. We have an event uh this weekend uh uh for this founder school and you know, we thought there'd be like 10 or 15 people who wanted it and there's 150 people who are showing up.

不，是的。这个周末我们为这所创始人学校举办了一场活动，你知道，我们以为会有 10 或 15 个人想要参加，结果有 150 人出席了。

Amazing.

惊人的。

We literally have people moving to alphas in cities cuz they're like my 10-year-old's going to go to alpha so they're ready for founder school and stuff. But focusing on designing a school, we have them for 12 years. Let's build schools where the kids are like, I wake up every day and I rush to school cuz it's so awesome. And you know, back to Sports Academy, you there's a great testimonial where a mom is basically like, look, he used to skip school 25% of the time. I could never get him to go to school. Today, he wakes me up and it's like, "Mom, we can't be late because I got to get my two hours in because I can't keep coach waiting." And that whole picture, that's when we look at the problem. It's not just make kids work harder. It's be aligned with what they want and they will willingly work harder. And as long as we as the adults set the high standards for what that is, they'll totally do it.

我们确实有人搬到城市的阿尔法，因为他们就像我 10 岁的孩子要去阿尔法一样，所以他们已经为创始人学校和其他东西做好了准备。但专注于设计一所学校，我们已经有 12 年了。让我们建造这样的学校，让孩子们喜欢，我每天醒来就赶去学校，因为这太棒了。你知道，回到体育学院，有一个很好的见证，一位妈妈基本上是这样的，看，他过去有 25% 的时间逃学。我永远无法让他去上学。今天，他叫醒我，然后说：“妈妈，我们不能迟到，因为我不能让教练等我，所以我必须要花两个小时。”这就是我们看待问题的整体情况。这不仅仅是让孩子们更加努力。这与他们想要的一致，他们会愿意更加努力地工作。只要我们成年人设定高标准，他们就会完全做到。

So, it's suffering with a purpose and the purpose is internalized in them is what I'm hearing. I mean, because parents can try and ram stuff down kids throats all day long and and that just creates more resistance.

所以，我所听到的是，它是有目的的受苦，而这个目的已经内化在他们身上。我的意思是，因为父母可以整天试图把东西塞给孩子们，而这只会产生更多的阻力。

It does. That's one of the beauties of youth is like the rebellion piece that kicks in around puberty is like it's an important part of our species

确实如此。这是青春的美丽之一，就像青春期左右开始的叛逆作品，就像它是我们物种的重要组成部分

evolution, right?

进化论，对吗？

And and but parents can help. Parents want their kids to excel and actually when kids are excelling, parents change their frame of what they expected. They just sort of have their frame of what they think excellence is. But when they see their kid in a different dimension excel, they're like, "That's really great, too." My example was with my dad, which was, you know, in academics, I was the total slacker and I didn't like school. Things worked out pretty well for you.

而且但是父母可以提供帮助。父母希望他们的孩子表现出色，实际上，当孩子表现出色时，父母就会改变他们的期望框架。他们只是对卓越有自己的框架。但当他们看到自己的孩子在不同的维度表现出色时，他们会说：“这也很棒。”我的例子是我父亲，你知道，在学术上，我是个彻底的懒鬼，而且我不喜欢上学。事情对你来说进展顺利。

They did, but I didn't like school. I tried to do the minimum possible.

他们喜欢，但我不喜欢上学。我尝试做尽可能少的事情。

This was high school.

这是高中。

Well, and I dropped out of college, so sort of both.

好吧，我从大学退学了，所以两者兼而有之。

But, you know, but you left college in part to go create something.

但是，你知道，你离开大学的部分原因是去创造一些东西。

Great. But that's Well, I was busy doing other like in high school, it's the same thing. What am I'm doing other stuff?

伟大的。但那是好吧，我正忙着做其他事情，就像在高中一样，这是同样的事情。我在做什么其他事情？

Yeah, you were driven.

是的，你被驱使了。

And I So in high school, I was not academically driven. You know, I did the minimum. I wanted to go to Stanford. I knew I wanted to go to Stanford. So I'm like, what's the minimum work I could do? You know, you'd round up an A was a 90 or above. They only had one thing. And so I'd be like, well, I need an A9.5. And I would literally be like, I will do that much work and notision.

所以在高中时，我并没有学业上的动力。你知道，我做了最低限度的事情。我想去斯坦福大学。我知道我想去斯坦福大学。所以我想，我能做的最少工作是什么？你知道，如果你四舍五入的话，A 就是 90 分或以上。他们只有一件事。所以我会想，好吧，我需要一台 A9.5。我真的会说，我会做那么多的工作和想法。

I will not do one more question than I need to to, you know, to hit that grade, you know, to to get in the minimum possible. if I didn't need to go to school, you didn't see me there. Got in trouble for skipping too many times. Then I got to Stanford and academically I was sort of the same way. One of the things I was interested in since I've been I wrote a paper in high school 1985 I wrote a paper on AI and it was old school AI not today's and neural nets

我不会再做一个比我需要做的问题，你知道，为了达到那个分数，你知道，为了得到尽可能最低的分数。如果我不需要去学校，你就不会在那儿看到我。由于跳过太多次而遇到麻烦。然后我到了斯坦福大学，在学术上我也有同样的情况。我感兴趣的事情之一是我在高中时写了一篇论文 1985 年我写了一篇关于人工智能的论文，那是老式的人工智能而不是今天的神经网络

it said neural nets I had a paragraph they're decades away and so expert systems and ontologies were the the thing back then and so I then went to Stanford Professor Father Gimbal was the father of expert systems back then and he was talking about all these great opportunities and I'm like I can't motivate to go to Spanish class I I just can't and all these other academic classes I'm just uninterested in. And I dropped out and the back to my dad and this whole thing about what parents my dad was so devastated for the whole my whole academic career cuz he's like you're a total slacker. You're not meeting your potential. You get in trouble at school. You do the bare minimum. You go to a great school and you freaking drop out. You're not even doing your academics. There's a famous quote in Forbes or whatever where he's like, "You're such a you know, for dropping out." It wasn't that was new back then. That wasn't his comment today. Yeah. In the 80s, there weren't a lot of people dropping out.

上面说神经网络，我有一段话，他们还有几十年的时间，所以专家系统和本体论是当时的事情，所以我去了斯坦福大学教授 Gimbal 神父是当时的专家系统之父，他正在谈论所有这些伟大的机会，我就像我没有动力去上西班牙语课我就是不能，而所有这些其他学术课程我只是不感兴趣。我整个学术生涯都被毁了，因为他就像你是个彻底的懒鬼。你没有发挥你的潜力。你在学校遇到麻烦了。你只做最低限度的事情。你去了一所很棒的学校，然后你就退学了。你甚至没有做你的学业。 《福布斯》或其他杂志上有一句著名的名言，他说：“你知道，你辍学了。”这在当时并不是什么新鲜事。这不是他今天的评论。是的。 80 年代，退学的人并不多。

And so he was just like devastated by this cuz he had his frame of what was success.

所以他对此感到震惊，因为他对成功有自己的看法。

18 months later,

18 个月后，

he was like, "Thank God you dropped out." That was the best thing that ever happened because in that 18 months, he saw me go to work 100 hours a week. I'm sleeping under the desk. we're doing everything we can to make this startup successful and we're working like crazy. And he's like, you know, I was so worried that you are a lazy little And he's like, thank God you're not. He just needed to see the gears turn.

他说：“感谢上帝，你退学了。”这是发生过的最好的事情，因为在那 18 个月里，他看到我每周工作 100 个小时。我睡在桌子底下。我们正在尽一切努力让这家初创公司取得成功，而且我们正在疯狂地工作。他说，你知道，我很担心你是个懒惰的小家伙，他说，谢天谢地，你不是。他只需要看到齿轮转动即可。

Exactly. And that is what parents want. And so I was a total failure in his book on all the academic side and all those things because he was not seeing what par the life skill the grit the things that make you successful. I wasn't demonstrating them sort of through my academic career. And it was only when I dropped out and started my business where he's like ah my kid's not going to be a loser. This is going to be great. He's going to be fine. Everything's fine. And you know in our high school in the afternoons kids do these projects called Alpha X's which is their passion project for four years and they change a lot cuz kids change their things but it's what they want to do and these kids do amazing things.

确切地。这就是父母想要的。所以我在他的书中在所有学术方面和所有这些方面都是完全失败的，因为他没有看到生活技能和勇气是什么让你成功。我并没有通过我的学术生涯来展示它们。直到我退学并开始创业时，他才说我的孩子不会成为失败者。这会很棒。他会没事的。一切都很好。你知道，在我们高中，孩子们下午会做这些名为 Alpha X 的项目，这是他们四年来的热情项目，他们改变了很多，因为孩子们改变了他们的事情，但这是他们想做的事情，这些孩子做了令人惊奇的事情。

Could you give me some examples?

你能给我一些例子吗？

So we had one student who uh is doing Broadway musical cuz she has four years where in Broadway venues all the music was sourced off Tik Tok. She can fill a thousand person venue with the songs. They were, you know, they streamed a million streams like the first day it was released. She's an arts theater girl, right? And she had to learn legal rights, music rights. She got in a big fight with one of the Tik Tok singers cuz, you know, in the audition, she picked somebody else first and this person with millions of views. It's like, I will ruin you. That's a life education,

我们有一位学生正在制作百老汇音乐剧，因为她有四年的时间在百老汇演出，所有音乐都来自 Tik Tok。她的歌曲可以填满一千人的场地。你知道，就像它发布的第一天一样，他们的直播量达到了 100 万次。她是艺术剧院的女孩，对吗？她必须学习合法权利、音乐权利。她和一位 Tik Tok 歌手发生了一场大争执，因为，你知道，在试镜时，她首先选择了其他人，而且这个人有数百万的浏览量。就像，我会毁了你。这就是生命教育，

you know, and all these things. And she's, you know, 16 and 17. And the parents are like, this is the greatest thing ever. and she was one of the 790 girls.

你知道，还有所有这些事情。你知道，她分别 16 岁和 17 岁。父母们都说，这是有史以来最伟大的事情。她是 790 个女孩中的一员。

Got into Northwestern and NYU and USC and UCLA and all that stuff, but she was doing what she loved and had to do hard things and that taught her what grit and hard work and hard things are, which made it easier when she has to do hard things in other domains. Other examples, we'll have the first high school student lead researcher published in nature.

进入了西北大学、纽约大学、南加州大学和加州大学洛杉矶分校等等，但她正在做自己喜欢的事情，必须做艰苦的事情，这教会了她什么是勇气、努力工作和困难的事情，这让她在其他领域必须做困难的事情时变得更容易。其他例子，我们将在《自然》杂志上发表第一个高中生首席研究员的文章。

It's no small feat.

这可不是一件小事。

And so peer-reviewed um for

所以经过同行评审

those I mean I think some people probably heard of this, but I mean there sort of like two apex journals is nature and science. These are international journals. The rejection rate for even reviewing a paper up front is about 90 plus% and then the so the final acceptance rate is somewhere around 1% or less. Many scientists will go their entire career without ever publishing one and if they do you should ask them where they were on the author line. So a lead being first or last on the author line is like tr truly an accomplishment.

我的意思是，我想有些人可能听说过这个，但我的意思是，有两种顶级期刊是《自然》和《科学》。这些是国际期刊。即使是预先审阅一篇论文，拒绝率也约为 90% 以上，因此最终接受率约为 1% 或更低。许多科学家在他们的整个职业生涯中都没有发表过一篇文章，如果他们这样做了，你应该问他们在作者行中的位置。因此，在作者行的第一个或最后一个线索就像真正的成就一样。

Yeah. She trained an LLM in social emotional um advice because there's a view of AIs are terrible. AIS can be good or bad and obviously and if you use them as chatbots they're bad in education. If you get addicted to them it's bad on the social emotional side but they can be trained and done well the other side. The interesting part of the study was she trained an LLM to give teens uh social emotional advice but it won't be as good as parents. The surprising finding was it crushed the parents at giving social emotional advice to teens.

是的。她接受了社会情感咨询方面的法学硕士学位，因为人们认为人工智能很糟糕。 AIS 可以是好是坏，很明显，如果你将它们用作聊天机器人，它们在教育方面就会很糟糕。如果你对它们上瘾，那么在社交情感方面会很糟糕，但在另一方面，它们可以得到训练并做得很好。这项研究有趣的部分是，她培训了一名法学硕士，为青少年提供社交情感建议，但效果不如父母。令人惊讶的发现是，这让父母无法向青少年提供社交情感建议。

So she designed specific prompts. Yes. That are better than the any sort of generic prompts of what a parent would say. And the domain was dating. And what advice would parents give? And a lot of it is, you know, if you look at the paper, it's just parents give really bad advice about dating today because they're using their context and they don't understand online and all these crazy things. It's a different environment than it was back then. And so she had to go on back to building things and things she love. You know, she has like 53 million likes on Tik Tok or whatever. She had this huge data source of I'm giving dating advice online and we're going to embed this into a chatbot tested and proven and then show with all my user base that it's super highly effective. And so these are the kind of things that kids can go do. If you had told that girl in 8th grade, hey, go be published in nature. They're like, "That's too hard."

于是她设计了具体的提示。是的。这比父母所说的任何通用提示都要好。而且该域名正在约会。父母会给出什么建议？你知道，如果你看一下报纸，很多都是父母对今天的约会给出了非常糟糕的建议，因为他们正在利用自己的背景，他们不了解网上和所有这些疯狂的事情。现在的环境与当时不同。所以她必须继续建造她喜欢的东西。你知道，她在 Tik Tok 或其他网站上有大约 5300 万个赞。她拥有我在网上提供约会建议的庞大数据源，我们将把它嵌入到经过测试和验证的聊天机器人中，然后向我所有的用户群展示它是超级高效的。所以这些都是孩子们可以去做的事情。如果你告诉八年级的那个女孩，嘿，去《自然》杂志上发表吧。他们会说：“这太难了。”

But you can scaffold them into it. Other big projects, we have one who's now marketing Martin Scorsesy's latest film, and so he's been learning all the things you need to do to do that. We have a set of our AI kids who Open Claw, you know, they presented at Southby and Claude Con. They built little businesses. They earned $50,000 in 10 days. And so these kids, it's not just academics that they can crush through. There's all these life skills if you teach them entrepreneurship right if you unlock their potential in the afternoon and let's step back a little sec when we sit and say we we think people should reimagine education right for the next decade over the next decade for the next hundred years versus the last hundred years it's development of the whole child McKenzie who's the founder right the co-founder her favorite line which we believe super strongly alpha is this is the best time in history to be a 5-year-old which is our ability to make that first 12 years awesome and unlock their potential on all dimensions. They get to love school for 12 years. Their academics, they're going to learn 10 times faster. These kids are going to have a headful of knowledge that's more than what their parents had. We're going to be able to fill their head with knowledge. The learning science shows that the more you know, the faster you learn, right? And so it's like increasing. And then the third part is the life skills that we think are important. They're gonna have most of their day to work on this. They're going to be able to sit here and say, "This AI world's coming. Things are going to change. And I get to go live and experience in that. And I get to do things." That framing we use about philosopher builder like who are kids that are going to come out of school. On the philosophy side, one, it's a proxy for good academics. You can crush your academics and fill your head. The other part is philosophy which alternates over history between the most important thing and the least important major. I believe with AI is coming back into the four which is what's humans role when there's all these AIs around and what's the existential debates and what did all the great thinkers think about and so you're going to have things like that on the philosophy side but the second part and I believe schools really need to do this and this is what when we think about the life skills it's the builder side we need to create builders that is what kids need to be doing that's what adults need to be doing you can't just be thinking schools can't be just sitting in class all day. You have to build. And when kids get to build, whether it's physically and sports and I'm climbing or I'm building drones and robots or I'm building a business, I'm I'm writing books. I'm making videos. Whatever those programs are, that's what engages kids. That's what they love. And we need to bring that back. There's whole vocational programs now for high schoolers where it's like we're gonna have you learn how to do advanced manufacturing and build robots or things like that in you know 100 years ago or 50 years ago shop class you know build things. We are very strong believers in the build philosophy which is and let's take middle school again right this time of transition we get a ton of transfers into alpha who are consumers they're on the dopamine loop they're caught on Tik Tok they're caught on fortnite right they're just caught in the loops causes mental health issues they're isolated right all these problems and what we do is we have a program called Dream Launcher where we're like we have to break these kids out of this loop right we have to develop But you can't develop a kid who's in that loop. And so dream launcher is do your vision board. Who do you want to be? And kids, even the ones in the dopamines have great ideas of what they want to do. Not only do they think they're awesome, they're like, I am awesome. I'm great. You know, do a Japanese guy, right? If you know, which is, and back to these, what do you love, but what are you good at? Back to you can't just follow the passion. You have to be good at stuff. And yet, if you can develop the skills, great. But you can't do things that you're terrible at because in your Japanese zika guy, the world won't pay you for that. What does the world value? What does the world pay you for? What are you good at? And what do you love? And you you help them understand and they can figure out how to find their sweet spot there. So they have these great visions of this is who I want to be. And they start thinking about it in middle school. These Alpha X projects, you know, sort of in high school they they they do it more. And then we hit them with reality. We were like, "Now you have to do the 168 hour project. You got to track every hour of your week." And that's when they come back and they're like, "H, I guess I'm going to be the world's best." Because you are what you do.

但你可以将它们放入其中。其他大型项目，我们有一个人正在营销马丁·斯科塞西的最新电影，所以他一直在学习为此需要做的所有事情。我们有一组人工智能孩子，他们在 Southby 和 Claude Con 上展示了 Open Claw。他们创办了小企业。他们在 10 天内赚了 50,000 美元。所以这些孩子，他们能克服的不仅仅是学业。如果你教给他们正确的创业精神，如果你在下午释放他们的潜力，那么让我们退后一点，我们认为人们应该重新构想未来十年的教育，下一个十年的教育，下一个百年的教育，而不是过去百年的教育，这是整个孩子的发展。我们有能力让前 12 年变得精彩并释放他们在各个方面的潜力。他们热爱学校 12 年。他们的学术，他们的学习速度会快十倍。这些孩子将拥有比他们父母更多的知识。我们将能够让他们的头脑充满知识。学习科学表明，你知道的越多，学得就越快，对吗？所以这就像增加。第三部分是我们认为重要的生活技能。他们一天的大部分时间都会花在这件事上。他们将能够坐在这里说：“这个人工智能世界即将到来。事情将会发生变化。我可以亲身体验并体验其中。我可以做一些事情。”我们使用的框架是关于哲学家建设者的，比如谁是即将走出学校的孩子。在哲学方面，第一，它是优秀学者的代表。你可以压垮你的学业并充实你的头脑。另一部分是哲学，它在历史上交替出现最重要的专业和最不重要的专业。我相信人工智能将回归到四个方面，即当存在所有这些人工智能时，人类的角色是什么，存在主义辩论是什么，所有伟大的思想家都在想什么，所以你会在哲学方面有类似的事情，但第二部分，我相信学校确实需要这样做，这就是当我们考虑生活技能时，我们需要创建建设者，这是孩子们需要做的事情，也是成年人需要做的事情不能只是认为学校不能整天坐在课堂上。你必须建造。当孩子们开始建造时，无论是体能和运动，我在攀爬，或者我在建造无人机和机器人，或者我在建立一家企业，我都在写书。我正在制作视频。无论这些节目是什么，这都是吸引孩子们的地方。这就是他们所爱的。我们需要把它带回来。现在有针对高中生的完整职业课程，就像我们要让你学习如何进行先进制造和建造机器人或类似 100 年前或 50 年前你知道的车间课程中的东西。我们非常坚信构建理念，让我们再次上中学吧，这次过渡，我们得到了大量的转移到阿尔法，他们是消费者，他们处于多巴胺循环中，他们被 Tik Tok 困住了，他们被堡垒之夜困住了，他们只是陷入了循环，导致了心理健康问题，他们被孤立了，所有这些问题，我们所做的是，我们有一个名为 Dream Launcher 的计划，我们必须让这些孩子摆脱这个循环，对吧我们必须培养但你无法培养一个陷入这种循环的孩子。所以梦想启动器就是你的愿景板。你想成为谁？还有孩子们， 即使是那些处于多巴胺状态的人也对自己想做的事情有很好的想法。他们不仅认为自己很棒，而且还认为，我很棒。我很棒。你知道，做一个日本人，对吧？如果你知道，这是，回到这些，你喜欢什么，但你擅长什么？回到你不能只追随激情。你必须擅长做事。然而，如果你能培养这些技能，那就太好了。但你不能做你不擅长的事情，因为对于你的日本寨卡人来说，世界不会为此付钱给你。世界看重什么？世界付钱给你什么？你擅长什么？你喜欢什么？而你帮助他们理解，他们就能弄清楚如何在那里找到他们的最佳位置。所以他们对我想成为的人有这些伟大的愿景。他们在中学时就开始考虑这个问题。这些 Alpha X 项目，你知道，有点像在高中，他们做得更多。然后我们用现实打击他们。我们说，“现在你必须完成 168 小时的项目。你必须跟踪一周中的每一个小时。”当他们回来的时候，他们会说，“哈，我想我会成为世界上最好的。”因为你就是你所做的。

I guess I'm going to be the world's best Tik Tok scroller.

我想我会成为世界上最好的 Tik Tok 滚动达人。

Yeah. Their thumbs

是的。他们的拇指

and the depression. No. And they're understand it. They're like, I just draw my vision of who I want to be. And now I realize my dayto-day habits aren't going to get me there.

和抑郁症。不。他们明白这一点。他们就像，我只是画出我想成为的人的愿景。现在我意识到我的日常习惯并不能让我实现这一目标。

Yeah. That's a big delta to internalize which is just nerdy speak for like that hits hard but it's great to get the lesson at the time they're getting it. I mean actually in addition to this notion of motivation and suffering and the sort of concepts around that and I I think you illustrate beautifully how one can reconcile those and hold high standards still feel supported still come at things from an intrinsic place of I can do hard things um even if there's a lure of cash or a D1 or scholarship whatever it is I feel like this is the piece that I want to you know double click on because most of the world are consumers and you know it only occurred to me like 5 years ago that even though I wasn't a particularly good high school student, the friends I was skateboarding with, even though I wasn't good enough to turn pro, they either turned pro or started companies or were dead or in jail. And the ones who started companies started big companies.

是的。这是一个需要内化的巨大增量，这只是书呆子所说的那样，打击很大，但在他们得到教训的时候得到教训真是太好了。我的意思是，实际上除了动机和痛苦的概念以及与之相关的概念之外，我认为你很好地说明了如何调和这些概念并保持高标准仍然感到受到支持仍然来自于内在的地方我可以做困难的事情嗯即使有现金或 D1 或奖学金的诱惑无论是什么我觉得这是我想让你知道的作品双击因为世界上大多数人都是消费者你知道这只是在 5 年前发生在我身上即使我我不是一个特别优秀的高中生，和我一起玩滑板的朋友们，即使我不够好，无法成为职业选手，他们要么成为职业选手，要么创办公司，要么死了，要么进了监狱。那些创办公司的人创办了大公司。

And the ones

还有那些

who, you know, made it through the shoot cuz, you know, varying levels of support at home and elsewhere, like

谁，你知道，之所以能顺利完成拍摄，是因为，你知道，在国内和其他地方得到了不同程度的支持，比如

they built really big things, like huge companies. Like part of our staff here were recruited from like DC and like these action sport companies that are like huge companies. Those were started by like kids we knew.

他们建造了非常大的东西，比如大公司。我们这里的部分员工是从像华盛顿这样的极限运动公司招募的，这些公司就像大公司一样。这些都是由我们认识的孩子发起的。

Yeah.

是的。

And so there was always this model embedded in my mind that like yeah there was Apple computer. There was Steve Jobs nearby but that wasn't really my my proclivity like tech.

所以我的脑海里总是有这样的模型，就像是的，有苹果电脑。史蒂夫·乔布斯就在附近，但这并不是我真正喜欢科技的倾向。

But like if you want to build something like oh yeah you want to make a movie you film your friend skateboarding. This was before you know camera phones. So, I realized a few years ago like, oh yeah, like building a podcast, we like set up cameras and like let's go like and like get a team together and let's do this. But I think for a lot of the world, this feels very much out of their reach. And yet they hear about it and you can learn about it all day from Herozi or from

但是就像如果你想制作类似的东西，哦，是的，你想拍一部电影，拍摄你的朋友滑板。那是在你知道拍照手机之前。所以，几年前我意识到，哦，是的，就像建立一个播客一样，我们喜欢设置摄像头，让我们组建一个团队，让我们一起来做这件事。但我认为对于世界上很多人来说，这感觉非常遥不可及。然而他们听说了它，你可以整天从 Herozi 或从

whoever online. And so there's this gap between what people

无论谁在线。所以人们之间存在着这样的差距

are being told they can do and I believe actually can do, but then how they're spending their time. Yes. And and that's just stating the obvious, but so how do you embed in people's minds that the ultimate experience in life at the level of personal life, family, learning, and business is to create something

人们被告知他们可以做，而且我相信他们确实可以做，但接下来他们是如何度过时间的。是的。这只是陈述显而易见的事实，但是如何才能让人们相信，在个人生活、家庭、学习和事业层面上，生活的终极体验就是创造一些东西

and you can still consume stuff, right?

你仍然可以消费东西，对吗？

You know, but how do you embed that into people's mindset? Because I feel like this is I'm a bit of a patriot. Like

你知道，但如何将其融入人们的思维方式呢？因为我觉得这就是我有点爱国的感觉。喜欢

this is what this country was built on. It was the idea like I like cars. I'm going to start a manufacturing plant. Plans are good, but they could be better. I'm going to make better ones. Like this attitude has been challenged in recent years. And I'll just say one more thing about this in particular because of the emphasis on tech and AI. For many people, they hear tech and AI, not me, and they think of the five or six guys. It's mostly guys, and they go,

这就是这个国家的基础。这个想法就像我喜欢汽车一样。我要开办一家制造工厂。计划很好，但还可以更好。我会做出更好的。近年来，这种态度受到了挑战。由于对技术和人工智能的重视，我只想就此多说一件事。对于很多人来说，他们听到科技和人工智能，而不是我，他们会想到五六个人。大部分都是男人，他们走了，

"God, like the the press has cast them as bad people, right?

“上帝啊，就像媒体把他们塑造成坏人一样，对吗？

These are bad people. This was not the way that Jobs and Bill Gates were cast early on. They were like nerds and designers and like these this is not the picture." So I think now people hear builder AI motivation learning alpha school and they go oh you know we have to become like tech nerds

这些都是坏人。这并不是乔布斯和比尔·盖茨早期的塑造方式。他们就像书呆子和设计师，就像这些，这不是照片。”所以我认为现在人们听到建筑商人工智能动机学习阿尔法学校，他们会说哦，你知道我们必须变得像技术书呆子

there's no place for humanity in this I can't build things and then they feel overwhelmed and I think and so I'm casting out a kind of a picture it's not a specific question how do you get people past consumerism to really internalize that they can build something and how would somebody not at alpha school start to internalize some of this stuff

人性在这方面没有立足之地，我无法建造东西，然后他们感到不知所措，我想，所以我正在描绘一幅图画，这不是一个具体的问题，你如何让人们超越消费主义，真正内化他们可以建造一些东西，以及不在阿尔法学校的人如何开始内化其中一些东西

right perfect stuff and one is uh and I'll I'll hit the kids first but then we'll talk about alpha which is if you talk to alpha parents

正确的完美的东西，一个是呃，我会先打孩子，然后我们会谈论阿尔法，如果你和阿尔法父母交谈

they're like

他们就像

there is this impression robot terminator alpha you know AI

有这个印象机器人终结者阿尔法你知道 AI

this is divorced from humanity kids they're I got one I got one you know it's it's not

这是脱离人性的孩子，他们是我有一个我有一个你知道这不是

and if you ask the moms at alpha school they're like this is the most socializationrich human environment that's unlocking my child's potential

如果你问阿尔法学校的妈妈们，他们会说这是社会化程度最高的人文环境，可以释放我孩子的潜力

that could be done and it's not because of tech and AI and all of It's because of the guides, the humans, the culture, the building, and the guides are the teachers.

这是可以做到的，这不是因为技术和人工智能，而是因为导游、人类、文化、建筑，而导游就是老师。

Yeah, these are the teachers. We couldn't call them teachers cuz they're not teaching academics. We had 100,000 people apply for our roles. We're getting the best ex-teers. We also get people like world's best athletes, best coaches, if you're great at motivating kids. And so we get a range of them, but yes, our guides and coaches are what the role of teachers in a normal place or normal school.

是的，这些都是老师。我们不能称他们为老师，因为他们不教授学术。有 100,000 人申请我们的职位。我们得到了最好的前球员。如果您擅长激励孩子，我们还会聘请世界上最好的运动员、最好的教练等人。所以我们有很多这样的人，但是，是的，我们的导游和教练就是普通地方或普通学校的老师的角色。

Uh but they don't do academic teaching because the AI gives good lessons for that. Mackenzie Price just did a a podcast with Wendy Cop, founder of Teach for America, right? And you know the the the line in is teachers didn't become teachers to grade seventh grade science quizzes. They became teachers to transform kids' lives, the human part to develop humans. And at Alpha, our adults, our guides and coaches, that's what they do all day. They don't grade seven great science coaches. Let the AI do that. What our guides do and why teachers became them is spend time developing humans. Run them through the struggle fail supported by a caring adult loop that we talked about earlier. we look at and and stepping back and let's hit AI generically and then we'll go back to the other one AI generically which is I understand why the AI pitch is negative which is if you put chatbots in most schools kids will learn less so I'd be like wow AI seems bad chatbots seem bad the overall pitch of hey AI is going to be make it efficient for some people so we lay everybody off but don't worry because the world's going to end soon right after that so there's not a positive view out there of AI completely agree. Now, when we look at education and how we want to transform education for a billion kids, we look at it as we need to make sure when we use AI and tech in our class and and in our schools and with humans in development, it's a win for everybody.

呃，但他们不进行学术教学，因为人工智能为此提供了很好的课程。麦肯齐·普莱斯 (Mackenzie Price) 刚刚与“为美国而教”的创始人温迪·科普 (Wendy Cop) 一起做了一个播客，对吗？你知道，其中的一句话是，教师并没有成为七年级科学测验的老师。他们成为改变孩子生活的老师，成为发展人类的人类部分。在阿尔法，我们的成年人、我们的导游和教练，这就是他们整天所做的事情。他们不会对七位伟大的科学教练进行评分。让人工智能来做吧。我们的向导所做的以及成为他们的老师的原因是花时间培养人类。在我们之前讨论过的关爱成人循环的支持下，引导他们度过失败的挣扎。我们看一下，然后退后一步，让我们一般性地讨论人工智能，然后我们将回到另一种一般性的人工智能，这就是我理解为什么人工智能的宣传是负面的，如果你把聊天机器人放在大多数学校，孩子们会学得更少，所以我会说哇，人工智能似乎很糟糕，聊天机器人似乎很糟糕，嘿，人工智能的整体宣传将提高某些人的效率，所以我们解雇了所有人，但不要担心，因为世界很快就会结束，所以没有积极的看法人工智能完全同意这一点。现在，当我们审视教育以及如何改变十亿儿童的教育时，我们需要确保当我们在课堂和学校中使用人工智能和技术时，随着人类的发展，这对每个人来说都是一场胜利。

It's not a win loss. It's the best time to be a 5-year-old. Using this stuff is just part of the solution, but what it does is it unlocks the humanity. It gives the humans time. Kids get to love school. They get to learn more. Their parents get to see, "Wow, my kid is being held to high standards but loves it and is struggling through it." The teachers, they love their job. That's why we have so many applying from schools, cuz they're like, "Wow, this is why I became a teacher. I'm connecting with these kids. I'm motivating them. I'm helping them thrive. I'm unblocking their biggest constraints. I'm letting them see that they're so much greater than what they thought. 85% of our kids are doing stuff even their parents thought was impossible, but not our guides and teachers. And so our whole loop for education is we have to make it better for everybody, not some win loss or dystopian robots are taking over. That's not the reality, right? Nobody wants that. So that's the the whole view when we talk about that. But when we talk about how do we take consumers and make them creators and builders and philosopher builders, the bigger picture on that is our education system was built to create consumers. Just fundamentally 100 years ago, we lined you up in a classroom and we told you to sit there and listen and write stuff down. You were being built for an industrial factory. the Prussians started, they're like, "We need people who follow rules, who do what we're told, and we put enough knowledge in that they can do those jobs." And it was an industrialization of of education to create industrial workers. And that was the that was why it started and that is what we got. And we've created a system where that's all these kids, right? We put them in that system for 12 years. They're like, "Yeah, I scroll. It's the only fun thing I do all day, right?" And you know, or whatever it is. And then they get caught in the loop. We aren't giving them the chance to be builders and they can watch a YouTube video but back as you said everything MIT is online and so is like all these entrepreneurs who started their own business. You can't watch a YouTube video and say I can build a business anymore than you can get your MIT degree that way. You need to be taught. You need to have workshops. You need to be with your friends and say just like when I dropped out I dropped out with my friends and we went and built a business. I did it during my school age years. We've normalized that at least in college that you can drop out with a bunch of friends and build something, right? And build something significant. And back to what we do in these afternoons is our afternoons are the builder afternoons. These life skills, we're going to make you climb rock walls. We're going to have you start food trucks, right? One of our workshops about character building was the key to my happiness is contributing to my community. Right? That's one of one of our values, one of our workshops. Every kid does it across all campuses. And so our Austin kids are like Austin City Limits, right?

这不是输赢。 5 岁是最好的时光。使用这些东西只是解决方案的一部分，但它的作用是解锁人性。它给了人类时间。孩子们开始爱上学校。他们可以了解更多。他们的父母会看到，“哇，我的孩子被要求达到很高的标准，但他喜欢它并且正在努力克服它。”老师们，他们热爱自己的工作。这就是为什么我们有这么多学校申请，因为他们会说，“哇，这就是我成为一名老师的原因。我与这些孩子建立联系。我激励他们。我帮助他们成长。我解除他们最大的限制。我让他们看到他们比他们想象的要伟大得多。我们 85%的孩子正在做一些甚至他们的父母认为不可能的事情，但我们的指导和老师却没有。所以我们的整个教育循环是我们为了让每个人都变得更好，这不是现实，对吧？所以当我们谈论如何让消费者成为创造者、建设者和哲学家时，我们的教育系统基本上是为了创造消费者而建立的。就在 100 年前，我们让你坐在教室里，然后把东西写下来。普鲁士人开始建造一座工业工厂，他们说，“我们需要遵守规则的人，我们赋予他们足够的知识来完成这些工作。”这就是教育的工业化，这就是我们所拥有的，我们创造了一个系统，让他们在这个系统中呆了 12 年。我滚动。这是我整天做的唯一有趣的事情，对吧？”你知道，或者不管它是什么。然后他们就陷入了循环。我们没有给他们成为建设者的机会，他们可以观看 YouTube 视频，但正如你所说，麻省理工学院的一切都是在线的，所以就像所有这些自己创业的企业家一样。你不能观看 YouTube 视频并说我可以建立一家企业，就像你可以通过这种方式获得麻省理工学院学位一样。你需要接受教导。你需要举办研讨会。你需要和你的朋友们在一起，就像我辍学的时候一样，我们在上学的时候就开始创业了。我们已经习惯了，至少在大学里，你可以和一群朋友一起创造一些东西，对吧？回到我们下午做的事情，我们的下午就是建造者的下午。我们会让你爬上岩石墙，对吗？我们关于性格塑造的研讨会的关键是为我的社区做出贡献，对吧？这是我们的价值观之一，我们所有校园的每个孩子都这样做，对吗？

Sure. Yeah. Know big music town.

当然。是的。了解音乐大城。

We're doing Alpha City Limits, right? So these are fifth, sixth graders. They're putting on their own music festival. First of all, they all learned how to play an instrument, had their own band. They went and raised. It's almost as if Jack Black and School of Rock.

我们正在进行阿尔法城市限制，对吧？这些是五年级、六年级的学生。他们正在举办自己的音乐节。首先，他们都学会了演奏乐器，拥有自己的乐队。他们去募集。这几乎就像杰克·布莱克和摇滚学校一样。

It's one of my favorite movies in part because also the musical references that he describes on the chalkboard should watch like Yeah. I mean, he has great taste, obviously, like very like specific knowledge in certain genres, and I'm like, okay, he really knows his music because they weren't like the generic things. But the amazing thing about that movie was the energy he brought to the work, right? Flipping the switch on for these kids by identifying their unique abilities, but also pushing them through the keyhole sometimes of like their lack of percept. It's such a more important movie than it appears to be on the front side. There's so much to that.

这是我最喜欢的电影之一，部分原因是他在黑板上描述的音乐参考应该像“是的”一样观看。我的意思是，他显然很有品味，非常喜欢某些流派的具体知识，我想，好吧，他真的很了解他的音乐，因为它们不像一般的东西。但这部电影的惊人之处在于他为工作带来的能量，对吧？通过识别这些孩子独特的能力来打开他们的开关，但有时也会把他们推入钥匙孔，就像他们缺乏感知一样。这是一部比正面看起来更重要的电影。有很多事情要讲。

But just imagine, everybody watches School of Rock. It's like, "Oh, I wish my school would do that."

但想象一下，每个人都看《摇滚学校》。就像，“哦，我希望我的学校也能这么做。”

Well, why don't they? Cuz they're like, "Oh, we have to teach academics." No, we teach academics 10 times faster. It gets done in the morning. Now we have the afternoon and Jack Black, if you want to teach one, come, you know, come on in. But, you know, our guide is Jack Black in that movie saying, "We're going to launch a music festival." And he sent the kids out and they had to raise $25,000 selling, you know, sponsorships. The kids afterwards, they're like,

好吧，他们为什么不呢？因为他们会说，“哦，我们必须教授学术知识。”不，我们的学术教学速度快了 10 倍。早上就完成了。现在我们有一个下午，杰克·布莱克，如果你想教一个人，来吧，你知道，进来吧。但是，你知道，我们的导游是那部电影中的杰克·布莱克，他说：“我们要举办一个音乐节。”他把孩子们送出去，他们必须通过出售赞助来筹集 25,000 美元。后来孩子们就这样，

"Mr. Can you believe companies will pay $1,000 just to have their name on the learn about advertising and then literally at the and then by the end they're like we could have charged way more [laughter] right and so they're learning they're out there doing it right they're learning instruments they're putting a band together and they're doing this at fifth grade

“先生，你能相信公司会支付 1,000 美元只是为了让他们的名字出现在广告上吗？然后到了最后，他们就好像我们可以收取更多[笑声]，所以他们知道他们在做正确的事情，他们正在学习乐器，他们正在组建乐队，他们在五年级就这样做了

and they're like oh I can do this and both whether I'm learning an instrument whether I'm learning to sell sponsorships whether I'm calling bands and saying will you play and are they showing up and that building concept we should have all kids doing that. There was a a weak form of that in shop class, those kind of things. But we now can do that so much more, right?

他们就像哦，我可以做到这一点，无论我是否在学习乐器，无论我是否在学习销售赞助，无论我打电话给乐队并说你会演奏吗？他们会出现吗？以及建立我们应该让所有孩子都这样做的概念。在车间类中有一种较弱的形式，诸如此类。但我们现在可以做得更多，对吧？

We had a sadistic shop teacher. I mean, I you know, like had all these rules about like you had to clean up your own blood if you you [clears throat] know, you hurt yourself on the band. So, everyone knew this guy, Mr. Mitchell, like the coin flip of teachers. It's like is and that's a darker example, but um but we had auto shop at our school. Nobody went this was Gun High School in Palo Alto. Like it was considered like, oh, why would you do that? Correct. You're in Silicon Valley. It wasn't relevant. I learned how to balance tires. That was kind of cool. Not relevant nowadays, but it's kind of cool to get under a car.

我们有一个虐待狂的商店老师。我的意思是，我知道，就像所有这些规则一样，如果你[清喉咙]知道，你必须清理自己的血液，你在乐队上伤害了自己。所以，每个人都认识这个人，米切尔先生，就像老师们抛硬币一样。这就像是，这是一个更黑暗的例子，但是嗯，但是我们学校有汽车店。没有人去过，这是帕洛阿尔托的枪高中。就像它被认为是，哦，你为什么要这样做？正确的。你在硅谷。这不相关。我学会了如何平衡轮胎。这有点酷。现在已经不相关了，但是钻到车底下还是很酷的。

But no, back to We have a life skill. They have to learn how to change a tire,

但不，回到我们有一项生活技能。他们必须学习如何更换轮胎，

right? Physical. We can't keep them on screens all day.

正确的？身体的。我们不能让它们整天出现在屏幕上。

We minimize our screen time to 2 hours and then you're like, "Yeah, you know what you're going to do in the afternoon? You're going to change a tire."

我们将看屏幕的时间减少到 2 小时，然后你会说，“是的，你知道下午要做什么吗？你要去换轮胎。”

Could I ask you about biology and medicine? Cuz I'm heavily biased here.

我可以问你有关生物学和医学的问题吗？因为我在这里有很大的偏见。

Yeah. Yeah.

是的。是的。

But when I was in middle school, I dissected a frog. wasn't my favorite biology experiment, but getting in there and seeing things and and feeling things with your hands is a very important experience in becoming a biologist. And when you said the microscope changed everything, and I totally agree, the ability to sit at a microscope and you're the one panning around and to actually stain cells or do a dissection of a brain or this kind of thing, there's a lot of tactile learning inside of what we think are often just intellectual pursuits.

但当我上中学时，我解剖了一只青蛙。不是我最喜欢的生物学实验，但是进入那里并用手观察和感受事物是成为一名生物学家的非常重要的经历。当你说显微镜改变了一切时，我完全同意，坐在显微镜前平移并实际染色细胞或解剖大脑或诸如此类的事情的能力，在我们认为通常只是智力追求的东西中存在着很多触觉学习。

Yes.

是的。

So, do they get the opportunity to do experiments? Totally. It's an amazing thing to see a brain and it looks all white and gray and then you you put on a particular label. You explain to somebody, doesn't matter what age, what it's labeling and then they get to see and it lights up like artwork and you go, you have these inside your brain and here's what they do. There's something completely different about that experience than watching it on a screen 100%. And so back to that one is yes, part of what we're doing is we're redoing

那么，他们有机会做实验吗？完全。看到大脑看起来全是白色和灰色，然后你贴上一个特定的标签，这是一件令人惊奇的事情。你向某人解释，无论什么年龄，它的标签是什么，然后他们就会看到，它像艺术品一样亮起来，你就走了，你的大脑里有这些，这就是他们所做的。这种体验与 100% 在屏幕上观看完全不同。回到那个问题，是的，我们正在做的一部分就是我们正在重做

normal, you know, dissection biology classes are boring and kids aren't excited or chemistry classes or whatever labs you do. And we're trying to build next generation ones. So if you have ideas about how we can make this 10 times better than whatever any lab you ever went into, I don't know what the upper limits are, right? I mean, if you gave me like a cart blanch, I said we put channel options into some live animals and shine light on their heads and their behavior will change. Yeah, I don't know if you get permitted to do that.

[中文翻译暂缺，请以英文原文为准]

Yeah, we'll have to go see what level we can do. But back to that kind of stuff, you know, back to engaging kids around experiments, you know, and just science in general. Like Mark Robber, right? Oh, yeah. Like he's doing so we're working with him on some things where we're like that is what science needs to be, which is, you know, think go do 11 minutes in your app to make sure cuz you can watch all the Mark Robber videos, you're still not going to pass the test because you haven't actually learned it to to mastery. So, we're like, spend the 11 minutes, get it to mastery, but then spend 45 minutes the rest of the class doing this experiment and this project because it's awesome and it's engaging. And kids will do both. And it's combining those. One of the things we have in labs is,

是的，我们得去看看我们能达到什么水平。但回到这类事情，你知道，回到让孩子们参与实验，你知道，而且只是一般的科学。就像马克·罗伯一样，对吧？哦，是的。就像他正在做的那样，我们正在与他合作做一些事情，我们认为这就是科学所需要的，也就是说，你知道，在你的应用程序中思考 11 分钟，以确保你可以观看所有 Mark Robber 视频，但你仍然不会通过测试，因为你还没有真正学会掌握它。所以，我们会花 11 分钟来掌握它，然后让全班其他人花 45 分钟来做这个实验和这个项目，因为它很棒而且很吸引人。孩子们都会做这两件事。它将这些结合起来。我们实验室拥有的东西之一是，

you know, when you first get into labs, what you're trying to do is sort of two dimensions, which is how many steps can you do in a row? Can you follow instructions? And then what's your margin of error?

你知道，当你第一次进入实验室时，你想要做的是二维的，也就是你可以连续做多少步？你能遵循指示吗？那么你的误差幅度是多少？

We'll start the kids early with like baking

我们会让孩子们尽早开始烘焙

and we'll be cooking and we're like, okay, can you follow most is just following. you follow the instructions and what's your margin of error, right? And did you put the sugar instead of the the salt? If you do a cooking one with third graders and second graders, they're going to start to be like, "Oh, I'm now getting the skills of labbing." Then we have one, our chemistry one that we start uh that all the sixth graders start is called um PFX, special effects. So, you know, we have videos online where you can see it, but they're everything from light your hand on fire using things to creating like the plate glass so you can walk through, you know, a special effects glass that's safe. It's super hard. It's like a 40step process and the margin of error at any step is very low. And kids will sit there and it'll be they they'll start it at 1:00, you know, they'll be like, "Oh, I'll be done by school." At 6:00 they've they're like, "I I'm I'm not going home, Mom. I got to finish this one cuz they want the Instagram or whatever they want to post on Snapchat of them breaking through it or whatever, but the kids get totally engaged and learn all the fundamental skills. And to your point, you can build ones for any subject, physics, biology, chemistry that engage kids where they're like, "This is awesome. I love to do this." You can do it on computer science, too, on on that dimension. Go build things. Back to being builders. Kids naturally want to build stuff. You want to teach kids, you know, how to program or use AI, you can say, "Let's go build a music video. Let's build a movie trailer." And they can now do that at a quality level that couldn't be done before. There was one where we have a hackathon on the weekend about learn how to use cursor. Fully voluntary. Kids would come in at 6:00 on a Friday, work through the weekend. On this hackathon, it's all dimensions. We had a set of girls who were building one that was a Love Island social thing. So when they were all watching it, they could all chat online, you know, while they're doing it. So they're they're building projects they like, but they're learning actually all the skills of, okay, I can I can be a builder. And this would be a set of of of students who normally wouldn't do programming. And so when you engage around what kids like, you make it hard. They're coming in on a weekend. One of them showed me if you, you know, and it's like 10:00 on a on a it was Saturday night. It was 10 o'clock Saturday night. She's a junior. She's like, "All my friends are out at a party and they're all jealous of what I'm building in here." back to doing hard things and having fun because they were building stuff that was significant. They were also working on an app that was how do we show a 100red million teens the key to their happiness is contributing to their community. And so it's an app that builds that daily habits of contributing. Now their special hook that made them all wanting to work hard on this was influencers are are contributing and helping them. So they're able to spend time with the influencers. the influencers get reach but they're like wow I'll go I'll go work on these things and so when you think about what do we need to do in school and development of kids and what does AI letting kids learn once kids can learn 10 times faster the question every parent every education minister has to say what are the skills we want our family or society to have going forward and so we believe this whole concept of being a builder these life skills that we teach entrepreneurship and storytelling, financial literacy, that's where we should spend our kids' time. And by doing it, you actually see these kids thrive. They totally unlock. They love it.

我们会做饭，我们会说，好吧，你能关注吗？大多数只是关注。你按照说明进行操作，你的误差范围是多少，对吗？你放的是糖而不是盐吗？如果你和三年级和二年级的学生一起做烹饪，他们会开始说，“哦，我现在正在学习实验技能。”然后我们有一个，我们开始的化学反应，呃，所有六年级学生都开始的，叫做嗯 PFX，特效。所以，你知道，我们有在线视频，你可以在其中看到它，但它们的内容无所不包，从使用东西点燃你的手，到创造平板玻璃，这样你就可以穿过，你知道，安全的特效玻璃。太难了。这就像一个 40 步的过程，任何一步的误差幅度都非常低。孩子们会坐在那里，他们会在 1:00 开始上课，你知道，他们会说，“哦，我会在学校完成的。”到了 6:00，他们会说，“我，我，我不回家，妈妈。我必须完成这个，因为他们想要 Instagram 或任何他们想在 Snapchat 上发布的内容，以显示他们突破了它或其他什么，但孩子们会完全投入并学习所有基本技能。就你的观点而言，你可以为任何科目，物理、生物、化学，让孩子们感兴趣，“这太棒了。我喜欢这样做。”你也可以在计算机科学方面做到这一点，在那个维度上。去建造东西。回到建造者。孩子们自然想要建造东西。你想教孩子们，你知道，如何编程或使用人工智能，你可以说，“让我们去建造一个音乐视频。让我们制作一部电影预告片。”现在他们可以以以前无法做到的质量水平做到这一点。有一次我们在周末举办了一场黑客马拉松，学习如何使用光标。完全自愿。孩子们会在周五 6:00 进来，整个周末都在工作。在这个黑客马拉松上，它是全方位的。我们有一群女孩正在制作一个爱情岛社交活动。所以当她们都在观看它时，她们都可以在线聊天，你知道，他们正在做他们喜欢的项目，但他们实际上正在学习所有的技能，好吧，我可以成为一名建筑商，而这将是一群通常不会做编程的学生，所以当你参与孩子们喜欢的事情时，你会发现他们在周末进来，你知道，那是在周六晚上 10:00。周六晚上 10 点，她就像是，“我所有的朋友都出去参加聚会，他们都嫉妒我在这里所做的事情。”因为他们正在开发一个应用程序，我们如何向 1 亿青少年展示他们的幸福的关键是为他们的社区做出贡献。他们都想在这方面努力工作，因为有影响力的人正在为他们做出贡献并帮助他们，所以他们能够花时间与有影响力的人接触，但他们会说，哇，我会去，我会去做这些事情，所以当你思考我们需要在学校和孩子的发展中做什么，以及一旦孩子们的学习速度提高 10 倍时，人工智能让孩子们学习什么，这是每个家长、每个教育部长都必须说的问题，我们希望我们的家庭或社会未来拥有哪些技能，所以我们相信。作为一个建设者的整个概念，我们教授创业和讲故事、金融知识，这就是我们应该花孩子们的时间的地方，通过这样做，你实际上会看到这些孩子完全释放了他们的兴趣。

Incredible.

极好的。

Right. And that's the opportunity we have cuz we we have built an educational system to your point that generates consumers. It forces them down that path. We all know we don't want it. Like this isn't good. We're on a bad path here. And now we have the opportunity to say, "Okay, here's a new one, right? here's a new different way to to do that. And the capability of your child, like back to what I was told 10 years ago, we are limited. We as parents are limited because we went through this terrible system. It's we're fish and water. What we went through, our parents went through, our grandparents went through. It didn't help move the frontier. It didn't develop kids to the utmost potential. It's why in sports, more than anything we do in America does that. Music the same way, right? We have these stars who get developed. We just don't do that broadly in schools and we we have enough time now. The name of our product is time back. Give kids their time back.

正确的。这就是我们所拥有的机会，因为我们已经建立了一个教育系统来吸引消费者。它迫使他们走这条路。我们都知道我们不想要它。这样子就不好了。我们现在正走在一条糟糕的道路上。现在我们有机会说：“好吧，这是一个新的，对吧？这是一种新的不同的方法来做到这一点。你的孩子的能力，就像 10 年前我被告知的那样，我们是有限的。作为父母，我们是有限的，因为我们经历了这个可怕的系统。我们是鱼和水。我们经历过的，我们的父母经历过，我们的祖父母经历过。它无助于移动前沿。它没有让孩子发展到更好的水平。”这就是为什么在美国，我们所做的一切都比音乐更能做到这一点，对吧？我们只是在学校里没有广泛这样做，我们现在有足够的时间，让孩子们重新获得时间。

And so we've used up a hundred years of 6 hours a day in homework. We have this new magic that makes it 10 times faster so that it only takes a couple hours. You've given kids their time back, which is is the actual biggest motivator. And then once they have their time back, how do we want to spend it, right? How do we want to help these kids become builders and creators who learn the skills that we think these are the things that you need to do to thrive in the world? There's a fourth grader in our New York campus. She's a fourth grader. She loves quantum mechanics and so she started a podcast called Quantum Plations and she's using it to go find the other kids who love quantum mechanics and I love it.

就这样，我们每天 6 个小时的家庭作业已经用完了一百年。我们有这个新魔法，可以使其速度提高 10 倍，只需要几个小时。你给了孩子们时间，这才是真正最大的动力。一旦他们有时间回来，我们想如何度过，对吧？我们如何帮助这些孩子成为建设者和创造者，学习我们认为在世界上茁壮成长所需的技能？我们纽约校区有一名四年级学生。她是四年级学生。她喜欢量子力学，所以她创建了一个名为“Quantum Plalations”的播客，她用它来寻找其他喜欢量子力学的孩子，我也喜欢它。

Right. Back to that thriving. She is learning. She's thriving to be able to work with that and you can teach them how to be a creator as part of it and do it productively. You get the best of both worlds.

正确的。回到那个欣欣向荣的状态。她正在学习。她正在蓬勃发展，能够与之合作，你可以教他们如何成为一名创造者，并高效地完成工作。您将获得两全其美的效果。

Hi everyone. I'm delighted to share that I'll be hosting three live events very soon. I should say our past live events all sold out. So make sure you get your tickets for these events soon. The first live event is in New York City at the iconic Radio City Music Hall on September 17th. The second live event will be held in Los Angeles at the Dolby Theater on October 8th. And the third live event is in San Francisco at the Masonic on October 28th. At all three of these events, I'll be discussing topics from my new book, Protocols. And my favorite part, taking questions live directly from you, the audience. To get tickets, please go to hubermanlab.com/events. That's hubermanlab.com/events. I hope to see you at one of these live events, or who knows, maybe even several. And as always, thank you for your interest in science. I have a question. And throughout today's conversation, it almost seems that boys and girls

大家好。我很高兴与大家分享，我很快将主持三场现场活动。我应该说我们过去的现场活动都卖完了。因此，请确保您尽快获得这些活动的门票。第一场现场活动将于 9 月 17 日在纽约市标志性的无线电城音乐厅举行。第二场现场活动将于 10 月 8 日在洛杉矶杜比剧院举行。第三场现场活动将于 10 月 28 日在旧金山共济会举行。在所有这三个活动中，我将讨论我的新书《协议》中的主题。我最喜欢的部分是直接向观众现场提问。要获取门票，请访问 hubermanlab.com/events。这是 hubermanlab.com/events。我希望在其中一场现场活动中见到您，或者谁知道，甚至可能是几场。一如既往，感谢您对科学的兴趣。我有一个问题。在今天的谈话中，男孩和女孩几乎都

Yeah.

是的。

are equally supported by this program like like maximizing potential, whatever you want to call it. I haven't looked at the latest data on on the discrepancy of male female performance, but when Scott Galloway was on the podcast or flip on today's New York Times or you actually can look at even like a Fox News thing, right, and you're going to hear about this gender gap in performance and it almost seems like that's been eliminated at Alpha School. Is that true? Yeah, I back to the frontier and wherever it is, most of these are uh self-imposed constraints that at least in the framework of K12 don't exist on whatever stuff. So if I have ADHD boys who now aren't doing as well as the girls on one dimension sort of broadly when you only take two hours a day, you know what happens to ADHD? Wow, what happened to it? They're building all afternoon. You know, there's a set of things which is one, you take those kids, those guys kids can lock in for two hours in the apps. Like we always tell the parents when they come in and they have their a ADHD diagnosis. We're like, can he play a video game for 25 minutes straight and they're like, "Yes." And I'm like, "Well, we do 25-minute pomodoro blocks. It'll be fun."

这个计划同样支持像最大限度地发挥潜力，无论你想怎么称呼它。我还没有看过关于男女表现差异的最新数据，但是当斯科特·加洛韦（Scott Galloway）在播客上或翻看今天的《纽约时报》时，或者你实际上甚至可以像福克斯新闻那样看，对吧，你会听到这种表现上的性别差距，而且似乎在阿尔法学校已经消除了这种差距。这是真的吗？是的，我回到前沿，无论它在哪里，其中大部分都是呃自我强加的约束，至少在 K12 的框架中不存在任何东西。因此，如果我有患有多动症的男孩，而他们在某一方面的表现不如女孩，而每天只花两个小时，你知道多动症会发生什么吗？哇，这是怎么回事？他们整个下午都在施工。你知道，有一系列的事情，其中一个就是，你带着那些孩子，那些孩子可以在应用程序中锁定两个小时。就像我们总是告诉父母，当他们进来时，他们被诊断出患有多动症。我们问，他能连续玩 25 分钟电子游戏吗？他们的回答是：“可以。”我说：“好吧，我们进行 25 分钟番茄工作法。这会很有趣。”

Yeah. This is all mark of ADHD. The kids can focus if it's engaging enough.

是的。这都是多动症的标志。如果足够吸引人，孩子们就能集中注意力。

If it's engaging and so we just make it engaging and motivating. If on the worst case, like in our sports academy, they run them before the apps. fairly, you know, and so you can take any second, third grader in engagement and solve that and then they're doing things in the afternoon they love. One of our Alpha X projects, um, Rat, he would just crush his apps in one day and then he went he was a mountain biker and then he went and he built a bike park outside of Austin. It was the best bike park in Texas. You like Texas Monthly's writing it up. Actually, one of the Walton family members told me, "We saw his bike park that motivated us to go build one, you know, here in uh Bentonville. He went down, SpaceX hired him to build one on on Starbase." So, it took this kid who's like, he was not into just sitting at the books all day, right? And all that stuff, but then all of a sudden he's like, "Okay, I can spend the time building." And so, all these things, different discrepancies of where they're good and where they're not. And I believe as you unlock their potential, you'll see these differences go away because the kids are all just doing much better. Now, I don't know, maybe we move the frontier out and there's deltas when we when we get out there. But yes, right now, whether you're male or female into alpha, your kid, if they're performing here, is going to perform here, wherever it is. And let's talk broadly. Here's let's go to another dimension just about reach, which is selection effects. and this only works with rich kids and and all that which is in education there's a concept that I think is really poison and why we have trouble innovating in education which is there's a view that you must serve everybody all at once for free like just anything you do in education no matter who it's for they're like I'm going to come up with a counter example where it doesn't work for everybody all at once for free and that's not how products are developed there's no venture capitalist in Silicon Valley who when you're presenting said, "All right, I've been telling you about the product, but here I promise you I won't release it until it serves everybody all at once for free." You would never get funded. That's that just it doesn't work that way. Whether it's the Roadster to the Model S, you know, to the Model 3 to what'll be 20 cent robo taxes, you have to move through a a cost curve. You find a a market where it works and then you expand the radius of that market, you know. And why do we start? So we started high-end private school. So alpha's an expensive private school. Now back to this concept. Everybody dismisses our academic results. Oh, selection effects. But we have a very different view on it, which is you know who doesn't parents don't dismiss it. That's why everybody's coming to the school and we have such demand.

如果它具有吸引力，那么我们就让它具有吸引力和激励性。如果在最坏的情况下，就像在我们的体育学院一样，他们会在应用程序之前运行它们。公平地说，你知道，所以你可以让任何二年级、三年级的学生参与并解决这个问题，然后他们在下午做他们喜欢的事情。我们的 Alpha X 项目之一，嗯，老鼠，他会在一天内粉碎他的应用程序，然后他成为一名山地自行车手，然后他在奥斯汀郊外建造了一个自行车公园。这是德克萨斯州最好的自行车公园。你喜欢《德克萨斯月刊》的报道。事实上，沃尔顿家族的一位成员告诉我，“我们看到了他的自行车公园，这激励我们去建造一个，你知道，在本顿维尔这里。他倒下了，SpaceX 雇用他在 Starbase 上建造一个。”所以，这个孩子就像，他不喜欢整天坐在书本上，对吧？诸如此类的事情，但突然他就想，“好吧，我可以花时间去建设。”所以，所有这些事情，它们的优点和缺点都有不同的差异。我相信，当你释放他们的潜力时，你会发现这些差异消失了，因为孩子们都做得更好了。现在，我不知道，也许我们将边界移出，当我们离开那里时，就会出现三角洲。但是，是的，现在，无论你是男性还是女性，你的孩子，如果他们在这里表演，就会在这里表演，无论在哪里。让我们广泛地谈谈。下面我们就涉及到另一个维度，即选择效应。这只适用于有钱的孩子，而教育领域的所有内容，我认为有一个概念是真正毒药，也是为什么我们在教育创新方面遇到麻烦，那就是有一种观点认为，你必须像在教育中所做的任何事情一样，立即免费为所有人服务，无论是谁，我会想出一个反例，它不能立即免费为所有人服务，这不是产品开发的方式，硅谷没有风险投资家你在演示中说：“好吧，我已经向你介绍了该产品，但在这里我向你保证，在它免费为所有人提供服务之前我不会发布它。”你永远不会得到资助。就是这样，但事实并非如此。无论是 Roadster、Model S、Model 3 还是 20 美分的机器人税，你都必须经历一条成本曲线。你找到一个可行的市场，然后扩大该市场的半径，你知道。我们为什么要开始？于是我们创办了高端私立学校。所以阿尔法是一所昂贵的私立学校。现在回到这个概念。每个人都对我们的学业成绩不屑一顾。哦，选择效果。但我们对此有非常不同的看法，你知道谁不认为父母不会忽视它。这就是为什么每个人都来学校，我们有这样的需求。

It makes the current education system seem either completely deprived or partially deprived. Right. But that's but that to me is I

这使得当前的教育体系看起来要么完全被剥夺，要么部分被剥夺。正确的。但这对我来说就是我

think even taking a steel there's a lot of educators who are trying to fix

我认为即使拿了一块钢，也有很多教育工作者正在努力修复

calculator is faster for a lot of things than what people were doing on pen and paper. Both are valuable but I think any new technology which is really what this is it takes time.

计算器在很多事情上比人们在笔和纸上做的事情更快。两者都很有价值，但我认为任何真正的新技术都需要时间。

It takes time and but here's here's how we look at what we've done is using technology. We didn't build a robo taxi that just works on a test track.

这需要时间，但我们是如何看待我们使用技术所做的事情的。我们制造的机器人出租车并不是只在测试跑道上运行的。

We literally have a a robo taxi, right? our system that beats F1, that wins F1 races. We are competing against the best schools in this country, the best students in the country, the best teachers in this country, right? The best systems. Our 1400 freshman year, we're doing 2x in 2 hours, but our benchmark of 2x is given your percentile. So our top 1 percentile kids are learning twice as much in only two hours a day as other top 1 percentile kids are learning all day, right? So we benchmark and built I want to go against the best educational system. It's not just rich kid selection effect which is I didn't say I'm going to go compete with IMG which is $100,000 plus tuition the sports academy who doesn't do good academics. I'm like, "No, I want to go against the best schools." Right. Well, that's how you isolate the variable of what you're doing specifically that's working.

我们真的有一辆机器人出租车，对吧？我们的系统击败了 F1，赢得了 F1 比赛。我们正在与这个国家最好的学校、这个国家最好的学生、这个国家最好的老师竞争，对吗？最好的系统。我们 1400 新生，我们在 2 小时内完成 2 倍，但我们 2 倍的基准是给定你的百分位的。因此，我们排名前 1% 的孩子每天只花两个小时学习的东西是其他排名前 1% 的孩子全天学习的两倍，对吗？所以我们对标并建立了我想要对抗的最好的教育体系。这不仅仅是富家子弟的选择效应，我并没有说我要去和 IMG 竞争，IMG 是一个 10 万美元加上学费的体育学院，成绩不好。我想，“不，我想与最好的学校对抗。”正确的。嗯，这就是如何隔离你正在做的具体工作的变量。

Correct. So, build that. Now, our answer is how do we get that broadly? And so, you know, the American educational system today because of how it's built and how it's structured. The single biggest indicator of your performance is your family income. You can predict somebody's test scores basically.

正确的。所以，构建它。现在，我们的答案是如何广泛地了解这一点？所以，你知道，今天的美国教育体系是因为它的构建方式和结构方式。衡量你表现的最大指标是你的家庭收入。您基本上可以预测某人的考试成绩。

Not IQ.

不是智商。

IQ is a second effect within, you know, it's but it's a secondary effect within that. Then with IQ, the second one once you get to the next level, it's IQ and big five conscientiousness

智商是其中的第二个效应，你知道，但它只是其中的次要效应。然后是智商，一旦你达到了一个新的水平，第二个就是智商和大五责任心

are the two, which is IQ, you get more working memory slots. So if you put in material that's too hard and stuff, you can struggle through it easier. And then big five conscientiousness is interesting, which is, you know, our system, our educational system isn't a mastery based system. It's time based. You got an 80%, you got a B, you're moving up the next grade level. Conscientiousness is, you know, the concept of you're sort of a natural grinder. And so you do all the problems on the problem set. You do all the problems in the back of the book. You are basically implementing a mastery system for yourself. And so you are implementing a mastery system. So if you have high IQ and your big five conscientiousness, those are the people who thrive in the traditional education system. High IQ people who don't have conscientiousness, those are the people who don't thrive. even they're always like, "Ah, he's smart and she's smart, but you know, whatever."

就是两个，也就是 IQ，你获得更多的工作记忆插槽。因此，如果你放入太难的材料，你可以更轻松地完成它。然后大五责任心很有趣，那就是，你知道，我们的系统，我们的教育系统不是一个基于掌握的系统。这是基于时间的。你得了 80%，你得了 B，你就要升到下一个年级了。你知道，责任心是一个概念，你是一个天生的研磨机。这样你就完成了习题集上的所有问题。你做完书后面的所有问题。你基本上是在为自己实施一个掌握系统。所以你正在实施一个掌握系统。因此，如果你有高智商和大五责任心，那么这些人就是在传统教育体系中茁壮成长的人。智商高但没有责任心的人，是不会成长的人。甚至他们总是说，“啊，他很聪明，她很聪明，但你知道，无论如何。”

And maybe I'm just extrapolating from a few examples, but you see that a lot in wealthy families with smart kids that had enough exposure to good conditions early on and then just kind of like blow it off. Like you left school, I'm not saying that was you actually don't know your background at all in the family you grew up except what you've told us. But when you left, you went into like fifth gear.

也许我只是从几个例子中推断出来，但你会发现，很多富有的家庭都有聪明的孩子，他们很早就有足够的机会接触良好的条件，然后就放弃了。就像你离开学校一样，我并不是说除了你告诉我们的之外，你实际上根本不知道自己在成长的家庭中的背景。但当你离开时，你就进入了第五档。

Yeah. It wasn't as if you left and like were like I'm going to travel the world which is an interesting thing to do but like you built something immediately at full time.

是的。这并不是说你离开后就像我要去环游世界一样，这是一件有趣的事情，而是像你立即全职建造了一些东西。

That's why I left and that's what I wanted to go do. But back to this this is where it's interesting which is motivation is the piece right if you if you have all the skills but you don't have motivation it doesn't matter. And our system when we wake up we're like well I have to solve if I have to get this to a billion kids I can't build a system that's based on income IQ and big five conscientiousness. Right? That's I'll just rebuild our current system. And so the first part is on IQ. If I give you a lesson that's at your level, you can learn it.

这就是我离开的原因，这就是我想做的事情。但回到这一点，这就是有趣的地方，如果你拥有所有技能，但没有动力，那没关系，动力就是正确的。当我们醒来时，我们的系统就像我必须解决的问题，如果我必须把这个带给十亿个孩子，我无法建立一个基于收入智商和大五责任心的系统。正确的？那就是我将重建我们当前的系统。第一部分是关于智商的。如果我给你上一堂适合你水平的课，你就能学会。

If you're in seventh grade and I give you seventh grade lessons when you need fourth, you can't learn it. But if I give you the fourth grade lesson, you can learn it. The way US Common Core is designed is for people to learn it, right? It is actually the mental the conceptual leaps aren't that big

如果你在七年级，当你需要四年级的时候我给你上七年级的课，你就学不到。但如果我给你上四年级的课，你就能学会。 US Common Core 的设计方式就是为了让人们学习的，对吗？其实是心理上的，概念上的跳跃并没有那么大

so that everybody can learn it. So when you think through eighth grade, I can get everybody through eighth grade if I give a material at the right level. And so that solves your IQ issue of learning it. Second, I need you to do it right. I need you to go to mastery. I need you to grind through it. And I'm going to solve that with motivation. Whatever motivation I need. You got support in the afternoon. Grind through those lessons first kid. I got to pay you. I'm going to do that. I'm going to do what I need to supplement that you don't have big five conscientious naturally. you're not grinding naturally. And then on the income side, the income side is just are you designing your product for somebody who can afford it. So Alpha is expensive, but we're going to be in, you know, public schools this year where we're designing for we spend about $20,000 on average. I'm we're in schools at uh 195 is one of them and 24 is another. And so we're designing our workshops in the afternoon actually for that budget, right? Sports is actually one of our cheapest, right? We have a thousand over a thousand kids who are getting it for free because there's a voucher system where we have to solve that thing for less than $20,000 a kid. And sports is actually cheaper because fields are cheap, right? There's capex, but then there's no offex, right, to your your annual cost. And a coach is used to managing 30 kids, right? And I can manage a team of 30. So I can hit your cost target, too. And so when I think of the US educational system, we absolutely can, but you have to redesign the whole school day. It's not it's and I want to be clear, you can't throw edtech in. You can't take our time back and throw it into a school. It's not going to work cuz you haven't solved any of the other problems. And so edtech is not a magic, you know, it's not a silver bullet. We literally have to say in America, we want this new thing. We want our kids to thrive. We want them to love school. We do want them to learn 2x, but we want to teach them all these life skills and make them builders in the afternoon. And we're willing to redesign the school day for it. So, some of these public schools that are going out, I wasn't able to convince the superintendent to go to 2 hours, but they're going to do three in the apps. The superintendent's like, he hates that tech. He's just like, I don't really believe this, but okay. He saw enough of our results to say, let's try it, but he's like, I want the kids in three hours. But then the afternoon workshops, right, our alpha like workshops designed for their constituency, their price point. And so our goal is we can get it out. We can break these links. But back to selection effects, I believe you have to design your product for your customer. And so let's take our, you know, some of the different schools we have. We have the sports academy school. If you don't like sports, it doesn't work

以便每个人都可以学习它。因此，当你思考八年级时，如果我提供适当级别的材料，我可以让每个人都完成八年级。这样就解决了你学习它的智商问题。其次，我需要你把事情做好。我需要你去精通。我需要你去磨砺它。我将用动力解决这个问题。无论我需要什么动力。下午你得到了支持。先把这些课程磨练一遍，孩子。我得付钱给你。我要这么做。我会做一些我需要补充的，你自然没有大五认真。你不是自然地磨的。然后在收入方面，收入方面就是你是否为负担得起的人设计你的产品。所以 Alpha 很贵，但今年我们将在公立学校进行设计，平均花费约 20,000 美元。我是我们在学校，呃 195 是其中之一，24 是另一个。所以我们实际上是根据预算在下午设计我们的研讨会，对吗？体育运动实际上是我们最便宜的运动之一，对吗？我们有一千多个孩子可以免费获得它，因为有一个优惠券系统，我们必须以每个孩子不到 20,000 美元的价格解决这个问题。体育运动实际上更便宜，因为场地便宜，对吗？有资本支出，但对你的年度成本来说没有任何额外费用，对吧。一个教练习惯管理 30 个孩子，对吗？我可以管理一个 30 人的团队。所以我也可以达到您的成本目标。因此，当我想到美国的教育体系时，我们绝对可以，但你必须重新设计整个上课时间。事实并非如此，我想澄清的是，你不能把教育科技投入其中。你不能把我们的时间倒回去把它投入到学校中。这是行不通的，因为你还没有解决任何其他问题。所以教育科技不是魔法，你知道，它不是灵丹妙药。在美国，我们确实必须说，我们想要这个新事物。我们希望我们的孩子茁壮成长。我们希望他们热爱学校。我们确实希望他们学习两倍，但我们想教他们所有这些生活技能，并让他们在下午成为建设者。我们愿意为此重新设计上课时间。因此，对于一些要出去的公立学校，我无法说服校长花两个小时，但他们会在应用程序中花三个小时。主管说，他讨厌这项技术。他只是说，我不太相信这一点，但是好吧。他看到了我们的结果，所以说，让我们试试吧，但他说，我想要在三个小时内生下孩子们。但是下午的研讨会，对吧，我们的阿尔法式研讨会是为他们的选民、他们的价格点而设计的。所以我们的目标是我们能把它弄出来。我们可以打破这些链接。但回到选择效应，我相信你必须为你的客户设计你的产品。让我们以我们拥有的一些不同的学校为例。我们有体育学院。如果你不喜欢运动那就不行

right

正确的

now. Your family income doesn't matter if I've designed it for the right price points because I'm going to give you lessons at the right level and you're going to be motivated and that's independent of income. And we have a gifted talented school. It's the one place we actually test cognitively. You have to be top 10% cognitive. But we also say when I say what would make you love school more than vacation, you're like more academics. It's like 5% of the market, right? One in 20 kids is like I want more. And we're like, "We're going to design a school for you and we're going to crush you with academics

现在。如果我以合适的价格设计它，您的家庭收入并不重要，因为我将为您提供合适水平的课程，并且您会受到激励，而这与收入无关。我们有一所天才学校。这是我们实际测试认知的地方。你的认知能力必须是前 10%。但我们也说，当我说什么会让你更喜欢学校而不是假期时，你就像更多的学者。大约占市场的 5%，对吗？二十分之一的孩子就像我想要更多。我们就像是，“我们要为你设计一所学校，我们要用学术来压垮你

cuz they love it."

因为他们喜欢它。”

Yeah. Kids like that.

是的。孩子们就是这样。

Yeah. My My youngest daughter's the opposite. My oldest daughter, like she was reading calculus books for fun. She's a Stanford. She's like, "Oh, I'm going to get my masters in while in undergrad. You know, I need more school." You know, she's a English math double major. She's like, "More, more, more." She's hungry for it.

是的。我的小女儿则相反。我的大女儿，就像她正在阅读微积分书籍一样有趣。她是斯坦福大学的。她说，“哦，我要在本科期间获得硕士学位。你知道，我需要更多的学校。”你知道，她是英语数学双专业的。她就像是，“更多，更多，更多。”她很渴望它。

Yeah, she was. She's She's not me. You know, she's not dropping out. She's not doing the minimum. She's doing the max cuz she loves it. Schools are communities. Socialization matters. Like putting those GT kids around each other. I mean, they build on each other, right? They see what you know, the number one motivator to get rid of a block. It's actually not the guy as the the biggest one. The number one thing that convinces kids they can do something is watching their classmate do it.

是的，她是。她是她不是我。你知道，她不会退学。她没有做到最低限度。她正在尽最大努力，因为她喜欢它。学校就是社区。社交很重要。就像把那些 GT 孩子放在一起一样。我的意思是，它们是相互依存的，对吧？他们看到了你所知道的，即摆脱障碍的首要动力。其实不是最大的那个家伙。让孩子们相信他们可以做某事的第一件事就是观看他们的同学做这件事。

This is huge in athletics. I mean I I don't want to take it back to like a trivial example but like being around people that are much much better at whatever sport you're in like you just push yourself harder and I I will say like being a posttock at Stanford years ago it was the first time I looked around the entire room and like everyone is at least submitting their papers to like the top tier journals and they deserve to be there and you just push harder you you think harder you don't just work longer you actually think much more carefully about what you decide to do and what not to do that's a big piece of it on the backdrop of all this. I just this is not a push back, but it's something that I I imagine a number of people are thinking and part of my job is to to reflect that.

这在田径运动中是巨大的。我的意思是，我不想把它带回一个微不足道的例子，而是像周围的人一样，无论你从事什么运动，他们都比你更擅长，就像你让自己更加努力，我会说，就像几年前在斯坦福大学做博士后，这是我第一次环顾整个房间，就像每个人至少都向顶级期刊提交论文一样，他们应该在那里，你只是更努力，你更努力，你不只是工作更长时间，你实际上更仔细地思考你的决定在这一切的背景下，该做什么和不该做什么是一个重要的部分。我只是这并不是一种反击，但我想这是很多人都在想的事情，我工作的一部分就是反映这一点。

At risk of editorializing too much, but I hit 50, so I think I can do it a little bit. I've lived in this country my whole life.

冒着编辑太多的风险，但我已经到了 50，所以我想我可以做一点。我一生都生活在这个国家。

There seems to be a kind of cultural stance that has been around a lot more in recent years, which is if somebody didn't suffer and have disadvantage, we don't really want to see them succeed. We're not I'm not saying people have a problem with it per se,

近年来似乎有一种文化立场越来越普遍，那就是如果某人没有遭受苦难并且处于劣势，我们真的不想看到他们成功。我们不是，我并不是说人们本身就有问题，

but if you look at the stories that are celebrated, they are stories of the underdog,

但如果你看看那些广为人知的故事，就会发现它们都是失败者的故事，

right? That's like an American tale, right? You know, and we have many of them that we could select from, but there almost seems to be a a push back against

正确的？这就像一个美国故事，对吧？你知道，我们有很多可供选择的选择，但似乎几乎存在反对意见

people who had things mostly right

大部分事情都是正确的人

getting to their their frontier. I realize that's not your stance. That's not the stance at all that Alpha School takes. In fact, it takes quite the opposite stance, which is let's develop everyone to their frontier.

到达他们的边境。我知道这不是你的立场。这根本不是阿尔法学校所采取的立场。事实上，它采取了完全相反的立场，那就是让每个人都发展到自己的前沿。

Yes. And I think the big question here in a lot of people's minds is probably this everyone piece. You're saying we have to start here before this can wick out to the entire educational system. Totally understand and support that.

是的。我认为很多人心中最大的问题可能是每个人的这篇文章。你是说我们必须从这里开始，然后这种情况才会蔓延到整个教育系统。对此表示完全理解和支持。

But I I think there's this opportunity I think we have here in this discussion to embed in people's minds that like seeing somebody succeed is not necessarily taking from anyone else especially if the way they got there can be exported to anyone. like the specific circumstances that we've tended to focus on in this country have been the outliers, right? The spud webs and and these are remarkable stories,

但我认为，我认为我们在这次讨论中有这样一个机会，可以让人们相信，看到某人成功并不一定是从其他人那里获取的，特别是如果他们取得成功的方式可以输出给任何人。就像我们在这个国家倾向于关注的具体情况一直是异常值一样，对吧？马铃薯网和这些都是非凡的故事，

but there's not a lot that's exportable about that story except if you really want it and work really really hard, you can have it

但这个故事没有太多可输出的东西，除非你真的想要它并且非常努力地工作，你就可以拥有它

and and so we've sort of sold this myth that anyone [clears throat] can hit hit the frontier

所以我们有点兜售这个神话，任何人[清嗓子]都可以击中前沿

or their frontier. And I do think that if people hear the cost, the sort of that even the positivity, which I love, but then again, I'm born and raised in Palo Alto, California. But for the person who's listening thinking, okay, like how do I ensure that my kid someday

或他们的边境。我确实认为，如果人们听到成本，甚至是我喜欢的积极性，但话又说回来，我在加利福尼亚州帕洛阿尔托出生和长大。但对于正在倾听的人来说，好吧，比如我如何确保我的孩子有一天

Yeah.

是的。

hopefully gets access to something like this and it's not just a financial barrier, it's also a it's a mindset barrier. Totally.

希望能够获得这样的东西，这不仅仅是财务障碍，也是心态障碍。完全。

So, I'm not asking you to be politically correct. I'm just saying, you know, because this is a real thing. No, I 100% this is like you're in Austin, you're a successful guy. I'm here in California. I've had a a wonderful life with some hardship, but like

所以，我并不是要求你政治正确。我只是说，你知道，因为这是真实的事情。不，我 100% 这就像你在奥斯汀，你是一个成功的人。我在加利福尼亚州。我的生活很美好，但也有一些困难，但就像

the notion now at least that the public

现在的观念至少是公众

sort of newspapers, television, etc. is like it's only if you had nothing

报纸、电视等，就像你什么都没有的情况下一样

and you made it Yeah.

你成功了 是的。

that we're cool with it. Otherwise, success is actually kind of looked down upon right now, which is its own problem. So, how do you think about that? And how do you tell the kids coming through alpha school like here's how to be a successful person in the world which is its own set of skills.

我们对此很满意。否则，现在的成功实际上是被人看不起的，这是它本身的问题。那么，您对此有何看法？你如何告诉来自阿尔法学校的孩子们如何成为世界上的成功人士，这是它自己的一套技能。

So there's two parts which is we absolutely have to get this to everybody. I put a billion dollars in to say, "Let's make sure I have the resources so that it's not just for, you know, high-end private school kids and rich kids that we can get it out." And it's it's why we can sit and say, "Yes, we'll be the biggest school with kids under $65,000 income in Texas next year, and those kids are going to learn at the rate that private school."

因此，有两个部分，我们绝对必须将其传达给每个人。我投入十亿美元是为了说：“让我们确保我拥有资源，这样我们就可以把它拿出来，而不仅仅是高端私立学校的孩子和富有的孩子。”这就是为什么我们可以坐下来说：“是的，明年我们将成为德克萨斯州收入低于 65,000 美元的孩子最大的学校，而这些孩子将以私立学校的速度学习。”

I think you should repeat that once more so people. So, you'll be the largest school with kids with with less than $65,000 family income.

我认为大家应该再重复一遍。因此，您将成为家庭收入低于 65,000 美元学生的最大的学校。

Yes. So, that's impressive. So, and that's our sports academy, right? That's the product they wanted. So, let's talk about sports academy as an example, which is back to designing it, right? And we talked about it. Sports is actually one where you can design for lower cost

是的。所以，这令人印象深刻。那就是我们的体育学院，对吧？这就是他们想要的产品。那么，我们以体育学院为例，这又回到了设计上来吧？我们讨论了它。体育实际上是一种可以以较低成本进行设计的领域

because fields are cheap

因为田地很便宜

for workshops. They teach well. Coaches are used to teaching bigger teams, right? And kids are totally motivated by it and they love it, right? And so, it's a magical to give you an example. So Texas vouchers allow people in Texas either you have a learning disability or you're under $65,000 income. You were able to get a voucher. Not all of them. They ran out. They put a billion dollars in and and they ran out. But we put up a website that said, you know, Texas Sports Academy on January 1st when the vouchers opened to a 100 days later, we had over 120,000 families in Texas say, "If I get a voucher, I want that. I want Texas Sports Academy for my kid." Now, we got a little over a thousand vouchers, which is the largest voucher recipient in the state. These are all families who are under $65,000 income. And their kids love sports. Those kids are going to be on the same academic system at Alpha super high-end private school

用于研讨会。他们教得很好。教练习惯于执教更大的球队，对吗？孩子们完全被它激励并且喜欢它，对吧？所以，给你举个例子是很神奇的。因此，德克萨斯州代金券允许德克萨斯州的人们，无论是有学习障碍还是收入低于 65,000 美元的人。您获得了优惠券。不是全部。他们跑了出去。他们投入了十亿美元，然后就花光了。但我们建立了一个网站，上面说，你知道，德克萨斯体育学院在 1 月 1 日优惠券开放到 100 天后，德克萨斯州超过 120,000 个家庭说，“如果我得到优惠券，我想要它。我想要为我的孩子提供德克萨斯体育学院。”现在，我们收到了一千多张优惠券，这是该州最大的优惠券接收者。这些都是收入低于 65,000 美元的家庭。他们的孩子也热爱运动。孩子们将在阿尔法超高端私立学校接受同一学制

and they will be learning 2x in two hours. Their academic achievement coming in is below what alpha is. They aren't at the same rate. They will be learning at the same rate. They will be learning faster than standard private schools. So you will put them in the system. It's free and they will be learning in 2 hours. They'll be on the best academic system in the country. And we believe we can expand that across the country. There will be public schools where this is released where if you're in those public schools in the two hours you will be on the alpha system alpha timeback and your afternoons are going to be our workshop creator builder ones that we've all talked about. Now they'll be a little different because you have a $20,000 budget instead of alphas, you know, 40 plus,000 budget, but they're still going to be fantastic life skill workshops, right? 40 20 grand's plenty, right? 20 grand a year you can make a 10-year-old like love school. And then for the sports guys, they'll be on that program. Our job is to make that work. Our we have to prove it. So we signed a deal with MIT cuz nobody believes us obviously because it's all too fantastical. And so MIT, you know, Blueprint Labs, right? Their Nobel laureate group is going to sit here and be like, "Let's run the test. Let's run the RCTs. Let's show that this works. Let's show where it doesn't work and and get that data out so then we can start expanding this to everybody. There's 55 million kids in America and we need to get it to everybody. We're on that path. We believe we're going to have a bunch of data over the next year that shows it. We'll have the sports academy one is like the big driver that everybody really wants. The other one we're going to have is this GT squared where we're going to make a 100,000 kids, you know, MIT eligible by middle school, academically eligible by middle school. And it's going to be rural kids. It's going to be available to everybody across the country. You know, that program for those who love school, more academics makes me love it. They'll that's like four hours in the apps instead of two. So, those things will be free. They'll be able to be paid for with vouchers and different programs. There's actually philanthropies who will who'll do it as well. And then we're going to be putting it in public schools. Now, it is going to take 20 years to change a whole educational system. I don't want to say it's overnight.

他们将在两个小时内学习两倍。他们的学业成绩低于 alpha。他们的速度并不相同。他们将以相同的速度学习。他们的学习速度将比标准私立学校更快。所以你会将它们放入系统中。它是免费的，他们将在 2 小时内学会。他们将拥有全国最好的学术体系。我们相信我们可以将其扩展到全国各地。将会有一些公立学校发布此内容，如果您在这些公立学校中的两个小时内，您将进入 alpha 系统 alpha 时间倒转，并且您的下午将成为我们都讨论过的研讨会创建者构建者的时间。现在它们会有点不同，因为你有 20,000 美元的预算，而不是 alpha，你知道，40 多 000 美元的预算，但它们仍然会是很棒的生活技能研讨会，对吗？ 40 20 格兰德足够了，对吧？一年 20 块钱就可以让一个 10 岁的孩子喜欢上爱情学校。然后对于运动员来说，他们将参加该计划。我们的工作就是让它发挥作用。我们必须证明这一点。所以我们与麻省理工学院签署了一项协议，因为显然没有人相信我们，因为这太梦幻了。那么麻省理工学院，你知道，蓝图实验室，对吗？他们的诺贝尔奖获得者小组将坐在这里说，“让我们进行测试。让我们进行随机对照试验。让我们证明这是有效的。让我们展示它在哪里不起作用，并获取数据，这样我们就可以开始将其扩展到每个人。美国有 5500 万儿童，我们需要将其推广到每个人。我们正在走这条路。我们相信明年我们将获得大量数据来证明这一点。我们会体育学院就像每个人都真正想要的一个大司机，我们将培养 100,000 名孩子，你知道，中学时有资格获得学业资格，而且全国各地的每个人都可以参加这个项目。所以，这些东西将可以通过代金券和不同的项目来支付，然后我们将把它放在公立学校中。我不想说这是一夜之间的事情。

It would be a false advertising to say this is coming to you tomorrow. now, but we're working on ones to get it out there as quickly as we can. And I'll give you the best one that's going to come sort of quickest at the biggest scale. We have one of the other schools. We talked about how we have that founder school for the entrepreneurs in our sports school. We're also opening schools in Africa. This is one where we're like, they have a price point. I have to get down to $1,000, right? Less than $1,000. So, that's going to take even longer and harder, but we're starting to work on that. And we have a bunch of alpha high school kids who are like, "Okay, we know what alpha is here. How can we go learn more and spend a year abroad figuring that out?"

如果说明天就会给你，那就是虚假广告。现在，但我们正在努力尽快将其推出。我会给你最好的，最快的，最大规模的。我们还有其他学校之一。我们讨论了我们如何在体校中为企业家建立创始人学校。我们还在非洲开设学校。这就是我们喜欢的地方，他们有一个价格点。我必须降到 1000 美元，对吗？不到 1,000 美元。因此，这将需要更长的时间，也更困难，但我们正在开始努力。我们有一群阿尔法高中的孩子，他们会说：“好吧，我们知道这里的阿尔法是什么。我们怎样才能去了解更多，并在国外花一年时间来弄清楚这一点？”

So the students are building a school in Africa.

所以学生们正在非洲建一所学校。

In Africa and they're like, "Oh, we have to bring in solar and Starlinks and dig a well and the community is very different." when they signed up for the school, back to hard things, we made them sign a thing that said, I understand this will be the hardest year of my life. But back to the key to my happiness is contributing to my community. They're all in. One of my biggest problems was I have an alpha middle schooler who's like, I want in. And her parents are like, you know, she's too young. Like we don't don't let her in. Like get her to wait till she's in high school. But then back to getting this access out. One of the things we have is you know there is a group of the best video game developers in the world who've been building a worldclass video game not like all the edtech video games that have been out there. It'll literally it's a team who's built the best video games in the world and they are building one on take these learning science concepts that we all talked about in time back and imagine embedding that with a game and the economic model for that is it's going to be available for 500 million kids and it's starting with like third through fifth grade reading and math and then it'll expand to the full you know curriculum uh through 12th grade but

在非洲，他们会说，“哦，我们必须引入太阳能和星链并挖一口井，社区就非常不同了。”当他们向学校报名时，回到困难的事情上，我们让他们签署了一份文件，上面写着：我知道这将是我一生中最困难的一年。但回到我幸福的关键是为我的社区做出贡献。他们都加入了。我最大的问题之一是我有一个阿尔法中学生，她说，我想加入。而她的父母则说，你知道，她太年轻了。就像我们不让她进来一样。比如让她等到她上高中。但随后又回到获取此访问权限的问题上。我们拥有的一件事是，你知道有一群世界上最好的视频游戏开发人员一直在开发世界级的视频游戏，而不是像现有的所有教育科技视频游戏那样。从字面上看，这是一个开发了世界上最好的视频游戏的团队，他们正在开发一个基于我们都曾讨论过的学习科学概念的游戏，想象一下将其嵌入游戏和经济模型中，它将可供 5 亿孩子使用，从三年级到五年级的阅读和数学开始，然后扩展到整个你知道的课程，呃到 12 年级，但是

any kid in America after pool is going to be able to use this and learn as fast as if you were in the best private school in the country and it's going to be so back to solving motivation. Why do we do things like with influencers or video game developers is I have to solve the motivation problem to get them to engage through the material. And Alpha Kids have been like interns and test testing it. They're like, "Dude, this is so fun." I'm not a gamer, but they're like, "Everybody's going to play this, Mr. Lemont." And it's built where it'll be free. So it'll be free to learn for 500 million kids in this in the world, kids can play it after school. So even if your school thinks edtech's terrible and all this stuff, you'll be able to use it at home and you're going to love it so much, you're going to use it instead of whatever video game you play after school, except it's going to put you top 1% academic performance.

美国的任何孩子在台球之后都可以使用它并像在该国最好的私立学校一样快速学习，并且这将回到解决动力问题。为什么我们要与有影响力的人或视频游戏开发者做这样的事情，因为我必须解决动机问题，让他们参与这些材料。 Alpha Kids 一直像实习生一样对它进行测试。他们会说，“伙计，这太有趣了。”我不是游戏玩家，但他们会说，“每个人都会玩这个，莱蒙特先生。”而且它是在免费的地方建造的。这样全世界 5 亿孩子就可以免费学习，放学后孩子们可以玩。因此，即使你的学校认为教育科技很糟糕以及所有这些东西，你也可以在家里使用它，并且你会非常喜欢它，你会用它来代替放学后玩的任何电子游戏，除非它会让你的学习成绩排名前 1%。

Amazing. And these are the kind of things when we talk about unlocking kids potential and putting this all together and why we're so optimistic about it. And it does it takes a lot of capital. They just had to raise hundreds of millions of dollars of capital to build this kind of stuff. We are at a renaissance in education. It's the best time in history to be a 5-year-old. And every parent's going to be able to sit and say, "My kid will be able to thrive at levels I never expected doing things that I couldn't do at their age." So we have a incredible optimistic view and we believe that it's our job to, you know, build it and get it out to everybody.

惊人的。当我们谈论释放孩子的潜力并将这一切放在一起以及为什么我们对此如此乐观时，这些就是这样的事情。而且这确实需要大量的资本。他们只需要筹集数亿美元的资金来建造这种东西。我们正处于教育的复兴时期。 5 岁是历史上最美好的时光。每个父母都可以坐下来说：“我的孩子将能够以我从未想过的水平茁壮成长，做我在他们这个年纪做不到的事情。”所以我们有一个令人难以置信的乐观观点，我们相信我们的工作就是构建它并将其提供给每个人。

I love it. What you've built and where you're taking it is truly incredible. And I say that both from the stance of somebody who loves learning who also didn't,

我喜欢它。你所建造的一切以及你将其带到何处确实令人难以置信。我说，无论是从一个热爱学习的人还是不喜欢学习的人的立场来看，

you know, well, had a period of floundering and then found the track and when those gears switch on, it's a remarkable thing. And and I can tell you want it for everybody. Yeah.

你知道，嗯，经历了一段时间的挣扎，然后找到了轨道，当这些齿轮打开时，这是一件了不起的事情。我可以告诉你，你希望每个人都能得到它。是的。

And um these kids sound incredible. The guides sound incredible. And I'm just very grateful to you for coming up with this, organizing the team. I realize you're part of a team that came up with this. I understand you're the principal, and for taking the time to come educate us about Alpha School, because what's more important, right? I mean, it sounds so cliche, right? But what's more important than like the the neuroplasticity and learning of of our species as they grow up and eventually replace us? Like, this is super

嗯，这些孩子听起来不可思议。导游听起来不可思议。我非常感谢你提出这个建议并组织团队。我知道你是提出这个的团队的一员。我知道您是校长，愿意花时间来给我们介绍阿尔法学校，因为什么更重要，对吧？我的意思是，这听起来很陈词滥调，对吧？但是，还有什么比我们这个物种在成长并最终取代我们时的神经可塑性和学习能力更重要呢？就像，这太棒了

super exciting. So, um, we'll keep tabs, we'll put links to all the things that are relevant to the general public. I also have to say in listening to your previous podcast, I'm going to flatter you a little bit. I hope you're okay with that. You have a remarkable mastery of the the learning data, the neuroscience. We didn't get into critical periods and stuff today, but you have a mastery of that. And dare I say, I'm not a psychologist, but you're super organized, but you also have this like almost like childlike delight about these children learning. Like it comes through. And and and I think that's in my experience, that's perhaps the most important thing about any educator. The best teachers have mastery of the material. Yeah. But they also are looking at the material and what's happening with the students with the same kind of like awe and excitement as as the first time they learned the material. So thanks for letting me and everyone else experience that today.

超级令人兴奋。所以，嗯，我们会密切关注，我们会添加所有与公众相关的内容的链接。我还必须说，在听你之前的播客时，我要恭维你一点。我希望你对此没意见。您对学习数据和神经科学有着出色的掌握。今天我们没有进入关键时期之类的东西，但你已经掌握了。我敢说，我不是心理学家，但你非常有组织性，而且你对这些孩子的学习也有一种几乎像孩子一样的快乐。就像它穿过一样。而且我认为根据我的经验，这可能是对任何教育者来说最重要的事情。最好的老师掌握了材料。是的。但他们也会带着与第一次学习这些材料时一样的敬畏和兴奋的心情来看待这些材料以及学生们所发生的事情。感谢您今天让我和其他人经历了这一点。

Well, thank you very much. And to that point, I had a great career before I became principal four years ago. It was fantastic.

嗯，非常感谢。就这一点而言，在四年前成为校长之前，我的职业生涯非常出色。太棒了。

The last four years have been the best years of my life. And watching these kids thrive, right, back to your point of education, it is awesome. There is nothing more exciting. There's nothing more important, right, for a family or society than this. But as an individual, you know, and this is my appeal to everybody who's who's listening, which is if you want to come change education, I can promise you this will be the most rewarding thing you do in your career. Like wherever you are, coming straight out of college, in college, after college, retired, wherever it is, this is the opportunity to spend time. And there's a lot of people who never went into education, right? These software, these game designers had never been in education before. We're pulling in the best people in the world who want to help and change this and come join the team because it's awesome.

过去的四年是我一生中最美好的时光。看着这些孩子茁壮成长，对吧，回到你的教育观点，这真是太棒了。没有什么比这更令人兴奋的了。对于一个家庭或社会来说，没有什么比这更重要的了。但作为个人，你知道，这是我对所有正在倾听的人的呼吁，如果你想改变教育，我可以向你保证，这将是你职业生涯中最有价值的事情。就像无论你身在何处，刚从大学毕业、在大学、大学毕业后、退休，无论身在何处，这都是消磨时间的机会。有很多人从未接受过教育，对吗？这些软件、这些游戏设计师以前从未接受过教育。我们正在吸引世界上最优秀的人来帮助和改变这一现状，并加入我们的团队，因为这太棒了。

Well, your applicant pool just got bigger. So,

嗯，你的申请者群体变得更大了。所以，

great. Thank you very much.

伟大的。非常感谢。

Thank you. Thank you for joining me for today's discussion with Joe Leont. To learn more about Alpha School and the work they're doing, please see the links in the show note captions. If you're learning from and or enjoying this podcast, please subscribe to our YouTube channel. That's a terrific zerocost way to support us. In addition, please follow the podcast by clicking the follow button on both Spotify and Apple. And on both Spotify and Apple, you can leave us up to a five-star review. And you can now leave us comments at both Spotify and Apple. Please also check out the sponsors mentioned at the beginning and throughout today's episode. That's the best way to support this podcast. If you have questions for me or comments about the podcast or guests or topics that you'd like me to consider for the Hubberman Lab podcast, please put those in the comment section on YouTube. I do read all the comments. For those of you that haven't heard, I have a new book coming out. It's my very first book. It's entitled Protocols: An Operating Manual for the Human Body. This is a book that I've been working on for more than 5 years, and that's based on more than 30 years of research and experience. And it covers protocols for everything from sleep to exercise to stress control protocols related to focus and motivation. And of course, I provide the scientific substantiation for the protocols that are included. The book is now available by pre-sale at protocolsbook.com. There you can find links to various vendors. You can pick the one that you like best. Again, the book is called Protocols, an operating manual for the human body. And if you're not already following me on social media, I am Huberman Lab on all social media platforms. So that's Instagram, X, Threads, Facebook, and LinkedIn. And on all those platforms, I discuss science and science related tools, some of which overlaps with the content of the Huberman Lab podcast, but much of which is distinct from the information on the Hubberman Lab podcast. Again, it's Huberman Lab on all social media platforms. And if you haven't already, subscribe to our neural network newsletter. The neural network newsletter is a zerocost monthly newsletter that includes podcast summaries as well as what we call protocols in the form of one to three-page PDFs that cover everything from how to optimize your sleep, how to optimize dopamine, deliberate cold exposure. We have a foundational fitness protocol that covers cardiovascular training and resistance training. All of that is available completely zero cost. You simply go to hubermanlab.com, go to the menu tab in the top right corner, scroll down to newsletter, and enter your email. And I should emphasize that we do not share your email with anybody. Thank you once again for joining me for today's discussion with Joe Leont. And last, but certainly not least, thank you for [music] your interest in science.

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