红血靠铁，蓝血靠铜

References

1. 1
   Claudia Steiner《The Bloody Palette of the Animal Kingdom》，Nautilus（原刊 Knowable Magazine），2026-10-26

   nautil.us

2. 2
   Hiroshi Tamura 等《Outstanding Contributions of LAL Technology to Pharmaceutical and Medical Science》，Biomedicines 9(5):536，2021

   pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

3. 3
   Zachary B. Rodriguez 等《Multiple origins of green blood in New Guinea lizards》，Science Advances 4:eaao5017，2018

   science.org

4. 4
   Y.-L. Li 等《Independent evolutionary deterioration of the oxygen-transport system in Asian noodlefishes and Antarctic icefishes》，Current Biology 35(13):3133—3145，2025

   doi.org

5. 5
   T. Desvignes 等《Hemoglobin-Gene Cluster Deletions in Antarctic White-Blooded Icefishes Facilitated by Transposable Elements》，Genome Biology and Evolution 17(10):evaf184，2025

   pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

6. 6
   图版：Richard Owen《Anatomy of the King Crab (Limulus polyphemus, Latr.)》，1873，第四、第五图版，公有领域

   commons.wikimedia.org

7. 7
   图版：C. T. Regan《Antarctic Fishes of the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition》，1913，第二十图版，公有领域

   commons.wikimedia.org

8. 8
   图版：绿血石龙子（Prasinohaema flavipes），Donna Belder 摄，CC BY 4.0

   commons.wikimedia.org